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Location of the Research (Laboratory - The most scientific way of carrying…
Location of the Research
Laboratory - The most scientific way of carrying out research. A laboratory doesn't need to be a specifically designed room but is a controlled setting, and also allow for the use of scientific equipment
Strengths
High reliability - easy to repeat due to controlled conditions, so consistency can be checked
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Weaknesses
Lacks ecological validity - highly controlled, artificial environment meaning its difficult to generalise the findings to real-life situations
High chance of demand characteristics - participants are aware they are being studied and may pick up clues about the nature of the study, so may change their behaviour to help/hinder the study, but this is unnatural
Field - The most natural way to investigate behaviour, by carrying out research in a real life setting
Strengths
High ecological validity - no artificial manipulation of the independent variable so findings can be applied to real-life situations
Participants are likely to be unaware that they are being studied, so demand characteristics are less likely and behaviour should be natural
Weaknesses
Lacks internal validity - there is little control over extraneous variables, making it difficult to establish a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables
Lacks reliability - difficult to replicate due to the natural nature of the study, making it difficult to check the consistency of the findings
Difficult to use equipment that allows for more scientific and objective measurements of behaviour unlike a laboratory setting
Online - Behaviour is investigated using websites to access participants, and usually involves participants completing questionnaires
Strengths
More representative - can access large and diverse groups of participants - Nosek collected 1.5 million completed responses for his research
Cost effective - uses cheaper resources and less researcher time is required and data analysis is simpler making it a more economical approach to research
Weaknesses
Methods are limited to questionnaires - this may result in false insights of behaviour as participants may answer questions in a socially desirable manner
Ethical issues such as psychological harm are harder to deal with as the researcher has no face-to-face contact with the participants and can't be certain that consent is truly gained so it may be deemed an unethical approach