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Chapter 10: Solving Problems in Groups and Teams (Setting the Stage for…
Chapter 10: Solving Problems in Groups and Teams
Problem Solving in Groups: When and Why
Advantages of Group Problem Solving
Accuracy
increased likelihood of catching errors
Commitment
higher commitment to carrying out solution.
Participative decision making
People contribute to a decision that will affect them.
Resources
groups have more resources than just one person and can create better solutions
Diversity
Consider other approaches and solutions that you yourself might not think of.
When to use Groups for problem solving
Are individual task interdependent
Is there more than one decision or solution
Job is beyond the capacity of one person
Is there potential for disagreement
Setting the Stage for Problem Solving
Build Cohesiveness
Where members feel connected with and committed to their group
I feel this whenever I am on a sports team
Recognize progress toward goals
Establish shared norms and values
Focus on shared compatible goals
Minimize perceived threats between members
Emphasize members interdependence
develop mutual liking and friendship
share group experiences
Stages of team development
Orientation stage
Conflict stage
Emergence stage
Reinforcement stage
Group Problem-solving Strategies and Formats
Problem Census
Helps equalize participation
Focus Group
to learn how potential users or public at large regards a new product or idea
Breakout Group
When numbers are too large for effective discussion, so subgroups are created
Parliamentary Procedure
Observes specific rules about how topics may be discussed and decisions made.
Panel Discussion
Participants discuss topics informally, much as they would in ordinary conversation.
Symposium
Divide the topic in a manner that allows each member to deliver in depth information without interruption.
Forum
Allows nonmembers to add their opinions to the groups deliberations before the group makes a decision.
Dialogue
process in which people let go of the notion that their ideas are superior to others and instead try and understand the issue from many perspectives.
Overcoming Dangers in Group Discussions
Information Under-load
When a group lacks information necessary to operate effectively
Information overload
Too much information
Uneaqual participation
For me this always would happen when in groups for school, one person would take over the majority of the work leaving some people out.
Pressure to conform
Groupthink
Approaches and Strategies in Problem Solving
develop creative solutions through brainstorming or the nominal group technique
Evaluate the solutions by asking questions
analyze the problem
Implement the plan
Identify the problem
Follow up on the solution
Decision-Making Methods
Expert Opinion
Minority Control
Majority Control
Authority Rule
Consensus
When all members of a group support a decision we say they have achieved this