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cell organisation & enzymes (large multicellular organisms are made up…
cell organisation & enzymes
large multicellular organisms are made up of organ systems
3)the process of a cell becoming specialised for a particular job is called differentiation
4) differentiation occurs during the development of a multicellular organism
2) specialist cells carry out particular jobs
5) these specialised cells form tissues which from organs which then form organ systems
1) cells are basic building blocks that make up all living things
6) large multicellular organisms have different systems inside them for exchange and transporting materials
similar cells
it can include more than one type of cell
in mammals examples of tissues include
glandular tissue which makes and secretes chemicals like enzymes and hormones
epithelia tissue which covers some parts of the body inside the gut
muscles tissue which contracts to move whatever its attached to
a tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function
tissues are organised into organs
glandular tissue which makes digestive juices to digest food
epithelial tissue which covers the outside and inside of the stomach
muscular tissue which moves the stomach wall to churn up the food
organs are organised into organ systems
the liver which produces bile
the small intestine which absorbs soluble food molecules
the stomach and small intestate which digest the food
the large intestate which absorbs water from undigested food leaving faeces
glands eg pancreases which produce digestive juices
enzymes are catalysis produced by living things
living things produce enzymes which work as biological catalysis
A CATALYST IS A SUBSTANCE WHICH INCREASES THE SPEED OF A REACTION WITHOUT BEING CHNAGED OR USED UP IN THE REACTION
you can make it happen more quickly by raising the temperature limits to how far you can raise the temprichure
enzymes are all large proteins and all proteins are made up of chains of amino acids
living things have thousands of different chemical reactions going on inside them al all the time theses reactions need to be carefully controlled
special shapes of enzymes
enzymes are really picky usually have catalyse one specific reaction
substance has to fit into its active site
the actice site changes shape a little as the substance binds to get a tighter fit
every enzyme has a n active site with a unique shape that fits onto the substance involved in the reation
chemical reactions usually involve things being split up or joined together