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effects of exercise on all the systems (respiratory system (short term,…
effects of exercise on all the systems
respiratory system
long term
increase the number of capillary beds around the alveoli
increase in alveoli density
hypertrophy of the resertry muscles (diaphragm and intercostal muscles)
enabling them to lift the ribcage higher allowing more air in to the lungs
short term
increase frequency of breathes
increate minuet ventilation
the respiratory muscles are able to contract with more force
increase tidal volume
increase minute ventilation
cardiovascular system
short term
increased stroke volume
increased cardiac output
increased hart rate
increased blood pressure
Blood is less viscus so flows more easily through the vessels
however when you are dehydrated the blood is more viscus
vascular shunt activated
long term
hypotrophy of the hart
hypotrophy of the cardiac muscle of the left ventricle
capillarization of the lungs and the muscles
lower resting heart rate
increased strength of vessel walls
skeletal system
short term
increased elasticity of ligaments
increased risk of fractures due to impact sports
increased production of synovial fluid
increased range of movement at a joint
long term
increased strength of ligaments
reduces the risk of dislocations (more stable joint)
increased bone density
helps prevent osteoporosis
over use injuries
increase risk of osteoarthritis
The repetitive nature of some activities can cause stress fractures in bone.
muscular system
short term
increased blood flow to your muscles
increased muscle temperature
enables muscles to be more elastic
long term
increased thickness of each muscle fibre (hypertrophy)
improving strength and contractile speed
increased number of muscle fibres ( fibre hypertrophy) increased strength of contractions
increased availability of the fuel sores pc, glycogen and triglycerides
FOG fibres develop bigger and more efficient capillary beds and mitochondrial density
energy systems
short term
The use of the fuel sources eg pc, glycogen, glucose and triglycerides
long term
increased mitochondria density
increase in glycogen and pc stores
removal of lactic acid