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Commonly Used Networks (Client-server networks (Advantages (Security:…
Commonly Used Networks
Peer-to-peer networks
In a peer-to-peer network, no single provider is responsible for being the server. Each computer stores files and acts as a server. Each computer has equal responsibility for providing data.
In the client-server model, many users trying to access a large file (such as a film) would put strain on one server however, in the peer-to-peer model, many users on the network could store the same file. Each computer can then send sections of the file, sharing the workload. Each client can download and share files with other users.
Peer-to-peer is ideal for sharing files. P2P would be unsuitable for a service such as booking tickets, as one server needs to keep track of how many tickets are left. Also, on P2P networks no single computer is responsible for storing a file - anyone can delete files as they wish.
Advantages
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In peer-to-peer networks, all nodes act as a server as well as client, therefore there is no need of dedicated server.
It is not required for peer-to-peer networks to use the dedicated server computer. Any computer on the network can function as both a network server and a user workstation.
Disadvantages
There is no centralised server is available to manage and control the access of data. | As with most network systems, unsecured and unsigned codes may allow remote access to files on a victim's computer or ever compromise the entire network.
Copyrighted files like, music and films, can be downloaded and shared illegally.
Network security has to be applied to each computer separately. | Backup has to be performed on each computer separately.
Client-server networks
A client-server network is when there is a computer network which is powerful, that is a hub to a less powerful computer/workstation and so they connect, allowing clients to run programs and access data that's stored on the server. For example, your Xbox One is the client and when it logs into the network, it contacts the Xbox Live server to retrieve gaming resources like updates, video and game demos.
A web browser is the client who makes a request to the server and then the is sent the website by the server. This means the websites you've been using to research for your presentations have been delivered by a client-server.
Popular websites need powerful servers to serve thousands or millions of clients, all making requests at the same time. The client side of a web application is often referred to as the front end. The server side is referred to as the back end.
The client uses the network to send and receive communications about its order or request and so the request will be checked to ensure it's valid. The server may want to check up on the status of the client, asking if it has received any security patches, or if it still needs resources from the server. If not, the server will close the connection in order to free up the network traffic.
Clients-server networks can be used on a LAN (Local Area Network) or a WAN (Wide Area Network), like the internet. There can often be hundreds of clients.
Advantages
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Upgrading and Scalability in client-server set-up: Changes can be easily made by upgrading the server. Also, new resources and systems can be added by making necessary changes in the server.
Centralisation: there is centralised control which means servers help in administering the whole set-up. In addition access rights and resource allocation is done by servers. Many computers have access to centralised resources.
Back-up and recovery possible: because all the data is stored on the server, it is easy to make a back-up of it. This means in case of some break-down where data is lost, it can be recovered easily and efficiently. While, in peer computing back-ups at every workstation have to be made.
Disadvantages
Traffic congestion: when a large number of simultaneous clients send requests to the same server, it results in many problems for customers and more for the server. On the contrary, P2P (peer-to-peer) networks each node in the network server also make more, the better bandwidth you have.
When a server is down, customer requests cannot be met. Most of the time, peer-to-peer networks resources are usually distributed across multiple nodes of the network.
A regular hardware staff may not be able to serve a certain number of customers. Usually you need specific software and hardware, especially on the server side, to meet the work in the price rising.