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Communicating in Groups and Teams (Characteristics of Groups and Teams…
Communicating in Groups and Teams
Nature of Groups and Teams
What is a group?
Group: Small collection of people whose members interact with one another, usually face-to-face, over time in order to reach a goal
Interaction
Without interaction, collection of people is not group
Time
Collection of people who interact briefly is not group
Interdependence
Rely and need one another to achieve a goal
Size
Small size
What Makes a Group a Team?
Unified commitment
Collaborative climate
Competent team members
Standards of Excellence
Results-driven structure
External support and recognition
Clear and inspiring shared goals
Principled leadership
Characteristics of Groups and Teams
Rules and Norms
Social Norms: Group norms that govern way members relate to one another
Procedural Norms: Describe rules for the group's operation
Norms: Shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and procedures that govern a group's operation
Task Norms: Govern the way members handle job at hand
Rules: Explicit, officially stated guideline that governs group functions and members behaviors
Patterns of Interation
Chain Network: Network in which info passes sequentially from one member to another
Wheel Network: Network in which gatekeeper regulates flow of info from all members
All-channel Network: Network pattern in which group members are frequently together and share all info with one another
Gatekeeper: Person in a small group through whom communication among other members flows
Sociogram: Graphic representation of interaction patterns in a group
Roles
Informal Role: Usually not recognized by group that describes functions of group members rather than their position
Task Role: Roles group members take on in order to help solve a problem
Formal Roles: Role that is assigned
Social Role: Emotional roles concerned with maintaining smooth personal relationship
Roles: Pattern of behavior expected of group members
Dysfunctional Role: Individual roles played by group members that inhibit the group's effective operation
I know that being a joker falls into this category but personally i think a joker is needed and should not be considered dysfunctional
Leadership and Communication
Understanding Leadership
Trait Theories
Thought that people were born with or without leadership skills
Situational Approach
Situational Leadership: Theory that argues most effective leadership style varies depending on relations, power, and structure
Leadership Styles
Democratic Leadership: Leader invites group's participation in decision making
Laissez-faire Leadership: Leader gives up formal role, transforming group into loose collection of individuals
Authoritarian Leadership: Leader uses coercive and reward power to dictate group's actions
Servant Leadership: Leader's job is to recruit outstanding team members and provide support they need to do a good job
Dimensions of Leadership
Becoming a Leader
Emergent Leaders: Member who assumes leadership roles without being appointed by higher-ups
Goals of Groups and Their Members
Group Goals
Goals that a group collectively seeks to accomplish
Individual Goals
Individual motives for joining a group
Hidden Agendas: Individual goals that group members are unwilling to reveal
Ex) Personal Acheivements
Social Loafing: Tendency of some people to do less work as group member versus when alone
Followership and Communication
Types of Followers
Participants
Usually an activist but if I feel lazy or tired, I just participate
Activists
If I am not leading, I think I usually am an activist
Bystanders
Diehards
Isolates
Power of Followers
Nominal Leader: Person who identified by title as leader of group
Legitimate power: Ability to influence a group owing to one's position in a group
Power: Ability to influence others' thoughts and actions
Expert Power
Ability to influence others by virtue of one's perceived expertise on subject in question
Connection Power
Influence granted by virtue of a member's ability to develop relationships that help group reach its goal
Reward Power
Ability to influence others by granting or promising desirable consequences
Coercive Power
Power to influence others by threat or imposition of unpleasant consequences
Referent Power
Ability to influence others by virtue of degree to which one is liked or respected
Power is group centered
Ex) If I am "expert" of music but nobody in the group considers me to have it, I do not have have expert power
Power is distributed among group members
Ex) Even if leader is "defined," other members can overthrow ideas of leader due to their power
Power is not an either-or concept
Ex) Nelson Mandela didn't just follow everything other leaders said. Took things by his own.
What surprised you in the readings?
I felt like I knew most of what was in the reading however, I did not know there were so many roles within a group. Thought it was a leaders and followers
What bothered you?
Nothing really "bothered" me per say but the only thing that concerned me was that I did not know some of these therefore i do not know how I have been as a leader
What confused you or made you want to find out more?
How does one become a more refined and better leader? This question is always on my mind because in every group I work with, I usually end up becoming a leader like figure but there are always some people who always oppose the welfare of the group. How do you deal with people like that?