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Examen Biology and Geology (Solar System (Other celestial bodies…
Examen Biology and Geology
Solar System
Sun
Made up of the hydrogen and helium
Extremely hot
Planets
Celestial bodies that orbit the Sun, with spherical shape and that have cleared the area around their orbit.
Inner planets
The closest to the Sun
Venus
Mercury
Earth
Mars
Small with rocky surfaces
Outer Planets
They are far away from the Sun.
The largest planets, with gaseous or liquid surfaces and surrounded by rings
Are
Saturn
Uranus
Jupiter
Neptune
Other celestial bodies
Satellites
Celestial bodies that orbit the planets.
The Moon
Asteroids
Small rocky or metalic bodies, usuallly with irregular shape. The majority are found in the Asteroid Belt
Dwarf Planets
Celestial bodies that orbit the Sun with spherical shape but without enough mass to clear the area around the orbit
These are
Ceres
Makemake
Pluto
Haumea
Comets
Small celestial bodies that orbit beyond Neptune. They're made up of ice and dust particles.
The Earth
Te Earth is spherical, but itś not a perfect sphere. The Equator divides the Earth into two halves, called hemispheres.
The Earth follows an elliptical orbit around the Sun: its distance to the Sun varies slightly throughout the year.
The Earth's movements
Revolution
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Takes 365 days
Consequences
Seasons
Earth's inclined axis
Solstices
2 days of the year where there is the most difference between the lenghts of day and night
Winter's solstice
Summer's solstice
Rotation
The Earth's spins on an imaginarian axis
Consequences
Day and Night
Takes one day to complete
Equinoxes
2 days of the year; day and night are equal lenght
Spring and Automme
The Moon
The Earth's satellite
Takes 28 days to orbit it
Consequences
Eclipses
A celestial body is hidden because it passes into the shadow of another celestial body
Solar Eclipse
When the Sun or a part of it is hidden.
The Moon is positioned between te Sun and the Earth.
Lunar Eclipse
When the Moon or a part of the Moon is hidden.
Tides
Rise and fall of sea levels
attraction of the Sun and the Moon
Phases
Reflects light from Sun
Sun illuminates a half of it at any given moment
The other half remains dark and it isn't visible
Are
Full Moon
Waining Moong
Waxing Moon
New Moon
The Solar System in the Universe
The Sun is one of the billions of stars that make up our galaxy, the Milky Way
Galaxies
Groups of billions of stars, dust and gas.
Elliptical
Irregular
Spiral