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Ferdinand Magellan Social Studies D151 (Passage into the Pacific (on 21…
Ferdinand Magellan Social Studies D151
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan set out from Spain in 1519 with a fleet of five ship to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands
1480-1521
Born into a Portuguese noble family around 1480, Magellan becamed skilled sailor and naval officer and was everntually selected by King Charles I of Spain to search for a westward route to the Maluku Islands (
Spice Islands
)
In March 1505 at the age of 35, Magellan enlisted in the fleet of 22 ships sent to host D
Fleet
The fleet provided by King Charles V included five ships:
Concepción (90 tons, crew 45) commanded by Gaspar de Quesada
Santiago (75 tons, crew 32) commanded by João Serrão
San Antonio (120 tons; crew 60) commanded by Juan de Cartagena
Victoria (85 tons, crew 43), named after the church of Santa Maria de la Victoria de Triana, where Magellan took an oath of allegiance to Charles V; commanded by Luis Mendoza
The flagship Trinidad (110 tons, crew 55), under Magellan's command
Passage into the Pacific
The help of Duarte Barbosa was crucial in facing the riot in Puerto San Julian
Magellan appointed him as captain of the Victoria
The Santiago was sent down the coast on a scouting expedition and was wrecked in a sudden storm
All of its crew survived and made it safely to the shore
After this experience, Magellan decided to wait for a few weeks more before resuming the voyage with the four remaining ships
on 21 October 1520, the fleet reached Cape Virgenes and concluded they had found the passage, because the waters were brine and deep inland
Four ships began an arduous trip through the 373-mile (600 km) long passage that Magellan called the Estrecho (Canal) de Todos los Santos, ("All Saints' Channel"), because the fleet travelled through it on 1 November or All Saints' Day
The strait is now named the Strait of Magellan
He first assigned Concepcion and San Antonio to explore the strait, but the latter, commanded by Gómez, deserted and headed back to Spain on 20 November
On 28 November, the three remaining ships entered the South Pacific
Magellan named the waters the Mar Pacifico (Pacific Ocean) because of its apparent stillness
Death in the Philippines
After traveling three-quarters of the way around the globe, Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan is killed during a tribal skirmish on Mactan Island in the Philippines
Earlier in the month, his ships had dropped anchor at the Philippine island of Cebu, and Magellan met with the local chief, who after converting to Christianity persuaded the Europeans to assist him in conquering a rival tribe on the island of Mactan
In the subsequent fighting, Magellan was hit by a poisoned arrow and left to die by his retreating comrades