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2.3 Web Technology and Multimedia (IP Addresses (Static IP addresses do…
2.3 Web Technology and Multimedia
Internet
The internet is a worldwide communications system linking computers in geographically separate locations.
It uses a variety of telecommunications links including local area networks, telephone lines, satellites and wireless.
It enables fast communication between computers (or devices suck as mobile phones or tablets), and the transfer of data between these. Both messages and data get passed from a source to a destination computer via other devices.
Any computer can be linked to any other computer attached to the internet by sending data via intermediate computer systems.
URL
URL, also known as Uniform Resource Indicator is the recognised method for referring to resources on the internet. Each resource, which is usually a file.
URLs are converted into IP addresses before being used to send requests to web servers (or for servers to respond)
The components of the URL are:
The protocol for accessing the resource (http://)
The server on which the resource is stored (www)
The domain name (bcs.org.uk)
The filename with any extension required (index.htm)
IP Addresses
Static IP addresses do not change, and are used to address computers that are connected to the Internet at all times.
Dynamic IP addresses are assigned to computers that access the internet via an ISP when they log in, and thus the IP address may vary upon subsequent log ins
An iPv4 address consists of four numbers separated by full stops
It consists of 32 bits because each number can be represented as a byte (8 bits) and there are 4 of them
Internet protocol address. This represents a standard set of rules used to ensure the proper transfer of information between computers on the internet. They define how data is to be structured and what control signals are used.
Web browsers
A web browser is the application running on a users computer that is responsible for requesting for the text and graphics of web pages from servers on the internet and then assembling them for display.
Most browsers allow the user to store the URL/URI of sites they intend to visit often as a bookmark/favourite, so these sites can then be accessed by clicking on the book ark instead of keying in the URL/URI
Although all web browsers attempt to display websites as the designer intended them to look, there are many differences between browsers and not all of them implement the full set of features defined by W3C.
These are usually in HTML format. Web browsers can be used to view any HTML pages whether users are online or offline.
It is responsible for requesting the text and graphics of webpages from servers on the internet, and assembling them for display.