Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Gardikiotis: Perceptions of Social Influence on Self and Others …

- - - - Majorities lead to compliance via a comparison process (people do not want to seem different from the majority), whereas minorities lead to conversion via a validation process (people evaluate and think closely about the merit of the minority message)
        
        validization
        
        message
        
        dissociate
        
        comparison
        
        ingroup/out
        
        mj/mn
      - Extending and developing conversion theory, Mugny and his colleagues have extensively elaborated on the relationship between the processes of comparison and validation (e.g. Mugny & Pérez, 1991; see also Mugny, Kaiser & Papastamou, 1983; Mugny, Ibañez, Elejabarrieta, Iñiguez & Pérez, 1986) Conflict + dissociation
        
        These ideas were further developed in their conflict- elaboration theory (Mugny, Butera, Sanchez-Mazas & Pérez, 1995; Pérez & Mugny, 1996),
        
        After they have settled the intergroup conflict (by distancing themselves from the minority), people then focus on the cognitive conflict and their attention on the minority’s position (what Pérez & Mugny, 1990, call dissociation)
      - conversion theory and conflict elaboration theory - minority leads to greater cognitive elaboration
    - - Martin and Hewstone (2008, see also Martin & Hewstone, 2003; Martin, Hewstone & Martin, 2007; Martin et al., 2008) reconciled previously conflicting results by proposing that both majority and minority can lead to more (or less) thinking depending on the cognitive demands of the influence situation
        
        Большинство ситуаций влияния, которым подвергаются люди, не характеризуются очень низкими или очень высокими требованиями к обработке; скорее, требования находятся на промежуточном уровне. В этой ситуации Мартин и Хьюстон предлагают использовать теорию преобразования (см. Также Mugny et al., 1995), то есть обширная обработка будет основываться только на аргументах меньшинства (см. Martin & Hewstone, 2003; Martin, Hewstone, et al., 2007). В целом, люди мотивированы двигаться к большинству и от меньшинства, но так же склонны более внимательно относиться к позиции меньшинства из-за их самобытности, последовательности и активных действий (для всестороннего обзора факторов, которые затрагивают меньшинства против большинства групп, см. Wood, Lundgren, Ouellette, Busceme & Blackstone, 1994, см. также Crano & Hannula-Bral, 1994; Gardikiotis, 2011)
    - - there is relevant research in communication research (for a review see Perloff, 2009) showing that people estimate the potential impact a communication (usually an influential message) can have on their thinking and attitudes and compare it with the potential impact of the same message on other message recipients.
        
        a phenomenon described as the third- person effect (Davison, 1983)