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Final (vesicles on 4) (Name the organ (B. Intestines, B. Diaphragm, A.…
Final (vesicles on 4)
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Which of the following best describes how the human body is organized, from the largest to smallest structure?
Organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
For food to be absorbed by your body, which of the following must occur?
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During digestion, what is the effect of mechanical breakdown on chemical breakdown?
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BrainPOP
Urinary System
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Place the following events in sequence: A) Urine passes through the ureters; B) Urea enters the kidneys; C) Urine enters the urethra
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Before the kidneys filter it out, where does urea exist?
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Respiratory System
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Place the following events in sequence: A) Air pressure inside your lungs drops; B) The diaphragm contracts; C) Air from outside rushes into your lungs.
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Vacuoles
Store waste products, nutrients, and water. In plant cells it also store nutrients, and regulates turgor pressure in the cell.
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Cell Membrane
Double layer of phospholipids (lipid bilayer) that surrounds the cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
Ribosome
Assembles proteins; free ribosomes make proteins that will stay in the cell. Attached ribosomes (attached to the ER) make proteins that will be transported out of the cell.
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Meiosis
A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
Mitosis
A process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in haploid cell
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Meiosis Occurs in
Humans, animals, plants, fungi
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Crossing Over (Meiosis)
Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur.
Crossing Over (Mitosis)
No, crossing over can not occur.
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Steps of Mitosis
The steps of mitosis are Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and Cytokinesis
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Nucleus
DNA is found in the nucleus, RNA is also made here; surrounded by a membrane; controls all cell activites
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Cytoplasm
Part of the cell that is outside the nucleus; contains organelles and provides the perfect environment for chemical reactions to take place
Centriole
Play a role in mitosis (cell division), in animal cells only - Ring of nine groups of fused microtubules. Three microtubules in each group. These are part of the cytoskeleton. Inherited from your father.
Chloroplast
Use carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to carry out photosynthesis. Found in plant cells and some protists. They reflect green light while absorbing all other colors. *contain DNA
Mitochondria
Provides energy to cell. Have a double membrane. The outside is smooth but the inner is highly folded to increase its surface area. Cellular respiration is performed here, making energy (ATP) for the cell. Has its own DNA and ribosomes.
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Cytoskeleton
Helps maintain cell shape. Its primary importance is in cell motility. It makes the cell move internally and externally.
Made of microfilaments and microtubules. (protein strands)
Cell Wall
Thick outer layer in plant cells. Made of the carbohydrate cellulose. It maintains the shape of these cells and creates a protective barrier. Fluid collects in the plant cell's vacuole and pushes against it, creating turgor pressure. Also found in fungi, algae, and some bacteria.
Chromatin/Chromosomes
plant and animal cell: strands that contain the genetic material that tells the cell how to function.
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