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Organic chemistry (Combustion of hydrocarbons (Products (carbon dioxide,…
Organic chemistry
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Isomerism
Like other homologous series, the alkanes can show isomerism. This means their atoms can be arranged differently to make slightly different compounds with different properties. For example, an isomer of butane is methyl propane, they have the same molecular formula (C4H10) but they have different structures.
Testing for alkenes
Presence of C=C double bonds allows alkenes to react in ways alkanes cannot. This allows us to tell them apart using a simple test.
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Cracking
Reaction in which larger hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into smaller, more useful hydrocarbon molecules, some of which are unsaturated.
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The larger alkenes are heated to around 650 degrees centigrade and their captors are passed over a hot catalyst containing aluminium oxide or silicon dioxide. This causes covalent bonds to brake and reform
Polymers
During polymerisation, many ethene have their double bonds broken and are added together