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Solving Problems in Groups and Teams (Setting the Stage for Problem…
Solving Problems in Groups and Teams
Problem Solving in Groups: When and Why
Advantages of Group Problem Solving
Resources
Accuracy
Commitment
Diversity
When to Use Groups for Problem Solving
Is the job beyond the capacity of one person?
Some jobs are simply too big for one person to manage
Are individuals' tasks interdependent?
In order to get anywhere, the group must realize that they have to assign areas of responsibility to each member.
Is there more than one decision or solution?
Groups are best suited to tackling problems that have no single, cut-and-dried answer: What is the best way to boost membership in a campus organization?
Is there potential for disagreement?
Tackling a problem as a group is essential if you need the support of everyone involved.
Setting the Stage for Problem Solving
Basic Skills
Groups are most effective when members food good about one another. The most important ingredient in good personal relationships is mutual respect.
Building Cohesiveness
Cohesiveness: The degree to which members feel connected with and committed to their group.
Shared or compatible goals
Progress toward goals
Shared norms and values
Lack of perceived threat between members
Interdependence of members
Threat from outside the group
Developmental Stages in Problem-Solving Groups
Orientation stage
: members approach the problem and one another tentatively.
Conflict Stage
: Members take strong positions and defend them against those who oppose their viewpoints.
Emergence Stage
: One idea might emerge as the best one, or the group might combine the best parts of several plans into a new solution.
Reinforcement Stage
: Not only do members accept the group's decision, they also endorse it.
Group Problem-Solving Strategies and Formats
Problem-Solving Formats
Breakout Group
Problem Census
Focus Group
Parliamentary Procedure
Panel Discussion
Solving Problems in Virtual Groups
Approaches and Stages in Problem Solving
A Structured Problem-Solving Approach
Identify the Problem
Analyze the Problem
Word the Problem as a Broad, Open Question
Identify Criteria for Success
Gather Relevant Information
identify Supporting and Restraining Forces
Develop Creative Solutions
Brainstorm
Use the Nominal Group Technique
Evaluate Possible Solutions
Implement the Plan
Follow Up on the Solution
Decision-Making Methods
Consensus
Majority Control
Expert Opinion
Minority Control
Authority Rule
Overcoming Dangers in Group Discussions
Information Underload and Overload
Underload: When a group lacks information necessary to operate effectively.
Overload: Occurs when the rate or complexity of material is too great to manage.
Unequal Participation
Pressure to Conform
Questions
I found that interesting thing was the stages of the group problem-solving.
There wasn't anything that bother me in this chapter.
I would like to know more about the member relationship in groups when conflicts appear.