History of computers (pt.2)
New demands with World War II
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"First generation" computers
ENIAC: 1943, Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
Atanasoff's computer: 1942, electronic computer for linear equations
Colossus: 1943, decoding machine
Von Neumann's update: 1945, memory unit with programs and data
MARK I: 1944, mechanical relays with electricity, general purpose
UNIVAC: 1952, commercial purposes
"First generation" attributes
Software written in machine language
Errors in programming
Until the mid-50s
"Second generation" attributes
Major dependability
Quicker operations
Size decreasement
Less expensive usage
TRANSISTOR
Inventions
Integrated circuit: 1959, solid-state circuit out of a semi-conducting material
"Third generation" computers
News
High level languages
Altair 8800: manually flipping switches and machine code programs
Apple I
Microprocessor: 1971, specialized integrated circuit
Apple II
IBM pc