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Stage theories (typical age related behaviours) pro: detailed normative…

- - - - egocentrism
      - conservation inability
    - - phase 6: beginning of mental representations (18 mth - 2 years)
      - phase 5: tertiary circular reactions (12 - 18 mth)
      - phase 4: secondary schemes' coordination (8 - 12 mth)
      - phase 3: secondary circular reactions (4 - 10 mth)
      - phase 2: primary circular reactions (1 - 4 mth)
      - phase 1: reflexes (birth - 1st month)
    - - abstract thinking
      - systematic problem solving approach
      - logical thought/deductive reasoning
    - - classification
      - seriation
      - reversibility
- - - - rigid maturational stages, determined by genetics: should be accommodated, inflexible.
    - - separation anxiety
      - stranger anxiety
    - - Type A: avoidant
      - Type B: secure
      - Type C: ambivalent
      - Type D: disorganized
    - - innate animal behaviours
      - critical periods in human imprinting
  - - - Bobo doll
      - learning by social norms imitation
      - seeing someone else reinforced or punished
      - meta-learning can explain restraints: self-efficacy