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Technological Developments (Advantages for manufacturers (Produces…
Technological Developments
Fortification
Some foods are fortified by law. Manufacturers sometimes voluntarily fortify foods such as fruit juices and breakfast cereals.
Advantages of fortification include that it increases the nutrient content of foods, reduces nutrient deficiency, can replace the nutrients lost during food processing and produces a product that is similar to another.
Use of additives
Antioxidants
Helps to prevent fat becoming rancid
Prevents some fruits from going brown
Colours
Replace colour lost during heat treatment
Improve the colours already in foods
Preservatives
Extend shelf life of food
Prevent the growth of micro-organisms
Functional foods
Prebiotic foods
Occur naturally in some foods
Help feed the good bacteria and improve the health of the digestive system
Contain a carbohydrate which cannot be broken down by the digestive system
Plant sterols and stanols
Help to reduce the absorption of cholesterol from the gut
Are found in fruits, vegetables, vegetable oils, grains, nuts and seeds
Probiotic foods
Contain naturally-occurring live bacteria known as 'friendly' bacteria
Help to maintain a healthy digestive system and strengthen the immune system
Phytochemicals
Can be found in a whole range of foods such as onions, garlics, leeks, soya products, berries and wholegrain cereal
Additives
They have to be checked for safety before they can be used in any foods.
They are given a number and also an 'E' if they have been accepted as safe for use in the European Union.
Additives are added to foods during manufacturing or processing to
improve their quality.
Additives may be natural, nature identical (synthetic) or artificial.
Advantages for
manufacturers
Produces expected qualities in foods
Allows product range
Improves specific characteristics
Maintains product consistency in production
Can be used in a wide range of food products
Restores original characteristics of food after processing
Prevents food spoilage and improves shelf life
Disguises inferior ingredients
Disadvantages for manufacturers
Some people may have allergies to additives
Long-term effects of additives on the body is unknown