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aneamia (Normocytic MCV 8-95 Normochromic MCH >27 (multiple…
aneamia
Normocytic MCV 8-95 Normochromic MCH >27
acute blood loss
haemolytic anaemias
see haemolytic anaemia mind map
abnormal destruction of RBCs, bone marow cant keep up
renal disease
causes lack of EPO production
multiple myeloma
due to bone marrow invasion, less space to make RBCs
maliognancy of monocolonal plasama cells
rouleaux formation
treat the MM
bone marrow failure
aplastic aneamia
failure of the pluripotent stem cells
can effect all precursors or just one
causes
secondary to endrocrine disease
iatrogenic to toxic drugs
mixed deficiencies
associated with another issue e.g. dietary insufficiency plus renal disease
could be dietary insufficiency with multiple aspects missing
iron
folate
B12
combination of macrocytic and microcytic
#
anaemia of chronic disease
chronic inflammatory, infective, malignant disease
low EPO
Microcytic hypochromic (MCV and MCH low)
iron deficiency
iron is absorbed in the duodenum
iron metabolism requires ferritin, transferrin and transferrin receptor
see pencil shaped cells and variation in red cell size
causes
malabsorption
increased matabolic requirements
blood loss
menorrhagia
inadequate diet
thalassaemia
inherited disorder of abnormal globin synthesis
chain imbalances damage rbc membrane
premature distruction
haemolytic aneamia
alpha; beta major, minor and intermedia
anaemia of chronic disease
related to inflammation
lead poisoning
ring sideroblasts in bone marrow
haemolytic anaemia
sideroblastic anaemia
15% ring sideroblasts in bone marow
abnormal erythrocytes with iron granules
hereditary or aquired
can be pyridoxine (vit b6) responsive or refractory
ineffective Erythropoiesis
symptoms
pallor
fatigue
dissyness
hepatosplenomegaly
iron build up in organs can lead to
heart disease
liver damage
kidney failure
Macrocytic MCV >95
megaloblastic
non megaloblastic
