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Marriage and the family (Nature and purpose of marriage (For Jews marriage…
Marriage and the family
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Cohabitation
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Reform response
Cohabitation isn't the 'ideal' but isn't wrong if the couple show serious commitment in the long term
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Sexual relations
Orthodox Jews
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It goes against mitzvot laws and the teachings of the Talmud, which all Jews follow
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Homosexuality
Orthodox
Homosexual activity is wrong, but homosexual orientation isn't wrong as it is biological
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The Torah and the Talmud declare marriage between a man and a woman is the only lawful form of sex - homosexuality must be wrong
Primary aim of sex is to have children - homosexuals cannot have sex which produces children - must be wrong
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Liberal
Homosexuality is acceptable, although heterosexual is ideal
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Scientists believe sexual orientation is genetic so must be natural, and is therefore God given
Rabbis teach that Jews should treat others as they treat themselves, so should accept homosexuals
Feel labelling homosexuals leads to homophobia, which leads to racism
Christian attitude
Christians feel sex should take place inside marriage between a man and woman - sex is given by God for procreation so should take place in the secure environment of marriage
Bible teaches pre-marital sex is wrong and can lead to de-valuing sex and being promiscuous - many partners without commitment
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Humanist
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Respect, reason and love are most important things in relationships
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Contraception
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Orthodox
Artificial contraception not allowed, but may use if mothers health is at risk or if the couple has already had 2 children
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Reform / Liberal
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"Man is made in God's image" and so it intelligent and can therefore use their intelligence to advance technology
Contraception allows for children to be planned for and therefore 'wanted', which is responsible parenting. This relates to "Care for my creation." Genesis 1
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Divorce and remarriage
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Man can divorce if "He finds something indecent about her" Deuteronomy 24: 1 - guilty of shameful conduct
Jewish marriage is a voluntary contract, so a divorce (get) is allowed if both partners agree
The couple must try reconciliation first, but if they no longer love each other "as one flesh" they can part
The husband must apply to the Jewish court (Bet din) with his wife's consent for a religious divorce to break the marriage contract (ketubah)
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Remarriage
Jews believe divorce is sad, but not a disgrace
Young couples who divorce when they are young are encouraged to remarry as family life is very important
For orthodox Jews a couple of who have divorced cannot marry each other if the ex-wife has married another wife between times even if her second husband has died
A man who has kohen (descended from a priestly family) cannot marry a divorcee, even his own ex wife
Orthodox and Reform Jews require a get, Liberal doesn't
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Gender equality
Sometimes gender prejudice can lead to gender discrimination - based on sexual stereotyping - feeling women are the weaker sex, and should stay at home to look after the children, cook and clean
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Roles of men and women
Orthodox
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Men expected to work to support the family, women to care for the children and the home
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Orthodox women can have careers, but raising children is seen as a greater opportunity for spiritual growth
Reform and Liberal
Women entitled to be Rabbis, sit with men in the synagogue and handle the Torah
Committed to equality eg. equal opportunities for men and women and for equal sharing of duties within the home and within religion
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Family
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Purpose of family
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It provides safety and security for the elderly, the sick and the disabled
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