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Rome Chp.33 and 34 by Elia Manuel, P:1 (Plebeians Rebel (Plebeians (fight…

- - - - small group of
        
        wealthy landowners
    - - Latin word pater
        
        means "father"
    - - men who advised
        
        Etruscan king
    - - most valuable land
    - - important military
      - religious offices
  - - - peasants
      - laborers
      - craftspeople
      - shopkeepers
    - - plebs
        
        means “the common people"
    - - 95 percent of Rome’s population
    - - government officials
      - priests
    - - government
    - - serve army
- - - - Lucius Junius Brutus
        
        rebelled
    - - last Etruscan king
    - - republic
        
        elected officials govern
        
        for the people
  - - - hands of the Senate
  - - - elected by
        
        particians
    - - law
  - - - command of the army
- - - - in the
        
        Senate and with the consuls
    - - veto or overrule
        
        actions by the
        
        Senate and other government officials
    - - 2 to 10
  - - - Council of Plebs
        
        made laws only for plebeians
    - - power than particians
    - - laws should be
        
        written down
        
        published around the year 451 B.C.E
        
        particians can't change the law
      - 367 B.C.E.
        
        one consul had to be
        
        plebeian
        
        Senate too
    - - right to pass laws
        
        all Roman citizens
    - - nominated the
        
        tribunes
        
        members of the Senate
        
        consuls
    - - patricians in the Senate
    - - fight for equality
- - - - defeating jealous rivals
        
        Marc Antony
        
        popular general
        
        married Queen Cleopatra
        
        from Eypt
    - - defeated
        
        Antony and Cleopatra
        
        sea battle near Actium, Greece
        
        chased couple
        
        to Egypt
        
        killed themselves
      - supreme ruler
        
        Mediterranean region.
    - - authority of the Senate
        
        still in complete control
        
        gave him title
        
        Agustus
        
        means “revered” or “honored"
    - - education
      - literature
      - art
    - - grand construction projects
    - - first
        
        firefighters
        
        library
        
        police force
    - - more than fifty million people.
    - - eastern kingdoms
        
        Armenia
        
        Judea
        
        int Roman provinces
    - - pushed its borders
        
        to natural boundaries
        
        North
        
        Danube river
        
        Rhine river
        
        South
        
        Sahara
        
        West
        
        Atlantic
    - - for being unfaithful to
        
        husbands
        
        wives
    - - Praetorian Guard
        
        to protect
        
        his family
        
        himself
        
        took part in
        
        murder plots against
        
        emperors
  - - - building harbors
      - canals
      - roads
    - - establishing
        
        single system of currency
  - - - mostly at peace
        
        for 200 years
        
        called the
        
        Pax Romana,
- - - - become
        
        senators
        
        consuls
  - - - they wanted
    - - more political rights
    - - left the city
        
        camped in a hill
        
        didn't come back
        
        until they get equal power
  - - - to benefit themselves
  - - - Conflict of the Orders
        
        conflict betwwen
        
        2 social classes
  - - - neighboring tribes
- - - - removed last Etruscan king
        
        out of power
      - protect their borders
        
        gain more land
        
        led to war
      - fought
        
        next 245 year
        
        one enemy after another
      - conquered
        
        Latin neighbors
      - defeated
        
        old rulers, the Etruscans
      - made allies
        
        former enemies
    - - became a republic
      - 264 B.C.E
        
        with allies
        
        controlled
        
        entire Italian peninsula
  - - - growth threatened
        
        city of Carthage
      - and Carthage
        
        fought
        
        3 major wars
      - after war
        
        gained control
        
        North Afria
        
        much of Spain
        
        island of Sicily
      - armies
        
        conquered
        
        Greece
        
        Macedonia
  - - - 145 to 44 B.C.E.
        
        rule
        
        entire Mediterranean world
      - East
        
        controlled
        
        Syria
        
        Egypt
        
        Asia Minor
      - West
        
        general Julius Caesar
        
        coquered
        
        much of Gaul
      - Civil wars
        
        divided the city
      - generals
        
        becoming dictators
        
        set armies
        
        against power of
        
        Senate
      - goverened
        
        one supreme ruler
    - - ruled as a dictator
      - assasinated in
        
        44 B.C.E.
      - grandnephew
        
        Octavian
        
        seized total power
        
        Senate named him Augustus
        
        or “honored one"
    - - Caesar
        
        thought
        
        saving Senate power
  - - - added
        
        great dea of territory
        
        pushing empire borders
        
        to natural borders
        
        river
        
        easier to defend
    - - more territories
      - Roman empire
        
        stretched from
        
        island of Britain