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Rome Chpts.33-34 By Marilyn Justo Period:1 (The republic created by…
Rome Chpts.33-34 By Marilyn Justo Period:1
Rome Under Etruscan Rule
Social classes
Patricians
Upper class
Advised the Etruscan king
Wealthy land owners
Controlled most valuable land
Held important military, religious offices
Small group
5% of Roman population
Plebeians
Lower class
Peasants, laborers, craftspeople, shopkeepers
Forced to serve in army
Little voice in government
Most of Rome's population
95% were plebeians
The republic created by patricians
Patricians rebelled in 509 B.C.E
Drove out Etruscan king
Power in hands of Senate
300 patricians elected by patricians
Served for life
Senate’s decisions were law
Elected consuls
Elected government officials served judges
Only patricians participated in government
Plebeian rebelian
Roman Republic
Patricians help all power
Plebeians obeyed patricians
Plebeians wanted political rights
Conflict of the Orders
Marched out the city
Camped on a hill
Refused to come back
Patricians agreed to share power
The new republic after the plebians got political equality
Change in Roman Republic
Plebeians elect Tribunes
Elect the Council of Plebs
Only for plebeians
Couldn't make laws for Patricians
Protests
Political equality
Made laws for ALL Romans, 287 B.C.E
Inspired leaders Europe and America
Laws written down
Plebeian consuls
Plebeians senators
4 Periods of Expansion
Second Period
264 to 146 B.C.E
Carthage
Threat
Wars
Three major wars
Conquered
North Africa
Sicily
Macedonia
Greece
Most of Spain
Third Period
145 to 44 B.C.E.
Conquered
Asia Minor
Syria
Egypt
Julius Caesar conquered most of Gaul
Ruled Mediterranean
Civil wars
Divided cities
Generals became dictators
Julius Caesar
Murdered in 44 B.C.E
Became an Empire
One supreme leader
First Period
509 B.C.E
No Etruscan king
Roman Republic
Border protection, more land
Many wars
Wars for 254 years
Defeated Etruscans
Made allies with enemies
Ruled Italian Peninsula with allies
Conquered Latin neighbors (central Italy)
Fourth Period
Emperors
Octavian/Augustus first emperor
Lasted until 14 C.E
Added more territory
Borders
Pushed to natural boundaries
Rome becomes an Empire
44 B.C.E. to 14 C.E
Fourth Period of expansion
Caesar Augustus ruler of Rome
Encouragements
Art
Literature
Education
Trade improvements
Strong economy
Single system of currency
200 years of peace
Pax Romana
Problems arose
Too many people
Guards tried to kill emperor
Emperors added territory
Greatest empire known