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COMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKS (NETWORKS (COLLECTION) (NETWORK AREA OF…
COMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKS
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS
PROCESS
IN WHICH TWO OR MORE COMPUTERS/COMPUTING DEVICES
TRANSFER DATA, INSTRUCTIONS & INFORMATION
SENDER (PROTOCOL) > MEDIUM (MESSAGE) > RECEIVER (PROTOCOL)
=
COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR SUCCESSFUL DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS
MESSAGE : DATA, INFORMATION & INSTRUCTIONS
SENDER : DEVICES THAT INITIATES INSTRUCTIONS TO TRANSMIT THE MESSAGE
RECEIVER : ACCEPTS THE TRANSMISSION OF THE MESSAGE
MEDIUM: PHYSICAL PATH WHERE THE MESSAGE TRAVEL FROM SENDER TO RECEIVER
(COMMUNICATION CHANNEL) (WIRED/WIRELESS)
PROTOCOL : STANDARD FOR THE SENDER & RECEIVER DEVICES TO COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER
NETWORKS
(COLLECTION)
NETWORK AREA OF COVERAGE
PERSONAL AREA NETWORK
(HOTSPOT)
BODY AREA NETWORK
: MONITOR HEALTH DATA (EG: JAM UTK DETECT HEARTBEAT)
LOCAL AREA NETWORK
: LIMITED GEOGRAPHICAL AREA (EG: HOME, SCHOOL, OFFICE BUILDING) & CALLED A
NODE
& CONNECTED BY CABLES
WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK (WLAN)
: DOES NOT USE PHYSICAL CABLES (EG : WIFI DLM BILIT STUDY)
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
: COVERS A SMALLER GEOGRAPHIC AREA THAN WAN (EG: UNIMAS WIFI)
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
: COVERS A LARGE GEOGRAPHIC AREA. "THE WORLD'S LARGEST WAN IS
INTERNET
(EG: WIRE & WIRELESS SARAWAK)
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE (CONFIGURATION OF COMPUTERS)
CLIENT/SERVER
CLIENT:
USING INTERNET, THE ONE WHO REQUEST (EG: COMPUTER)
SERVER
: TO SERVE CLIENT REQUEST BY GIVING FEEDBACK (EG: TOWERS)
TYPICALLY FOR 10/ MORE COMPUTERS BUT CAN CONNECT SMALLER NUMBER OF COMPUTERS
PEER TO PEER
BETWEEN ONE TO ANOTHER COMPUTER
DEPENDS DGN COMPUTER ADA DATA KA SIK
CONNECTS COMPUTER SAMA COMPUTER
TYPICALLY CONNECTS FEWER THAN 10 COMPUTERS
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
ARRANGEMENT OR LAYOUT
OF COMPUTERS AND DEVICES ON A NETWORK
BUS
CONNECT TO A SINGLE CENTRAL CABLE
TRANSMIT DATA IN BOTH DIRECTIONS
SAMBUNG WYR EKOT PORT. CTH, DLM MAKMAL
RING
A CLOSED LOOP
DATA TRAVELS IN ONE DIRECTION
DATA CONNECT DLM SATU AREA BULATAN
STAR
CONNECT TO A
CENTRAL DEVICE
, FORMING A STAR
CTH: SETIAP MAKMAL SMBNG KE BILIT SERVER
MUN SATU KOMPUTER ROSAK TIDAK MENGGANGGU APA2
COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES
HARDWARE
CAPABLE OF TRANSMITTING DATA BETWEEN A SENDER AND RECEIVER THROUGH TRANSMISSION DATA
DIGITAL MODEM / BROADBAND MODEM :
DSL MODEMS (STREMIX) [BYK GUNA DI RUMAH]
WIRELESS MODEM
:3G MODEM & MOBILE HOTSPOT
WIRELESS ACCESS POIN
T: TRANSFER DATA WIRELESSLY. EG, WIFI
ROUTER
: CONNECTS MULTIPLE COMPUTERS (SEMUA MODEM ADA ROUTER)
NETWORK CARD
: COORDINATES THE DATA (ATTACH TOGETHER IN COMPUTER)
HUBS AND SWITCHES
: CENTRAL POINTS FOR CABLES IN NETWORK
(ALSO INCLUDE IN ROUTER
)
HUBS
: LARGER NETWORK
SWITCHES:
SMALLER NETWORKS