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FE - REC 6 - An obligation to act? 1 (6 traits of the current…
FE - REC 6 - An obligation to act? 1
Whose Obligations?
Texas Health Care
Beyond institutional codes
institutions don't have morality. they do have obligations.
the obligation to moral reasoning (“all morally serious persons”)
1.consider a full range of moral concepts
identify the moral agent
3.understand that agent’s obligations
4.consider these obligations in cultural and temporal context
5.resolve any dilemmas in favor of the greater good
6.address residual obligation
obligations of certain professions (e.g., doctors)
what is our obligation to act (in favor of the good, or against ethical wrongs)?
Inter-State Obligations - 3 positions:
Statists
Those who look at states as the source of values
Realists Arguments
Traditionally hostile to ethical intervention on the grounds that such interventions are not disinterested (although they also say that, to work, they must have “real” interests at stake).
The goal of creating a more orderly international system may justify intervention for realists.
moral authority is given to the state or institution
Cosmopolitanists
Universalists
Liberalist Arguments
Traditionally value self-determination, community, and shared history; may also include a more universal conception of “human rights” in which sovereignty has subsidiary and conditional value.
Individual autonomy in a community of tolerance (see next slide - Smith’s liberalism)
Noninterventionists here value community itself, shared values should be respected prima facie by outsiders.
moral authority is given to the process of communal agreement / looks for consensus /
Humanitarian
Smith’s View on Liberalism
Puts sovereignty subordinate to human rights claims
A view of liberalism that seeks the conditions in which individuals can fulfill themselves, their vision of the good, while respecting the personhood of others (communalism through individualism)
Persons are social beings, so society must protect the ability to come together for common purposes
, including a safe, sovereign framework to enforce their rights to autonomy
Subordinates the principle of state sovereignty to the recognition of human rights.
6 traits of the current international milieu
Absence of consensus (?)
New balance of power (?)
Traditional influences focused on security; modern era of economic interdependence
Truly global economy (though states were never islands, uninfluenced by neighbors)
National Sovereignty is a “Constituent Principle”
Colonialism and old-fashioned aggression are still occasions for intervention
through investment, through research
International Law is “thinly institutionalized” and constantly evolving.
Collective intervention is our current model for checking power.