Evolution and Population Genetics
Mechanisms of Evolution
Natural Selection
Evolution
Speciation
Biological Diversity
individual level
those with more favored traits will out survive and pass down their genes to the next generation
population level
change in allelic frequencies
emergence of a new species
community level
Hardy Weinberg
1 = p^2+2pq+q^2
p=dominant
q=recessive
p^2 = homozygous dominant
2pq=heterozygous
q^2=homozygous recessive
Criterion for No Evolution
Large Population
No Random Mating
No Migration
No Mutation
No Selection
Mechanisms of Evolution
Genetic Drift
chance changes in allelic frequencies
bottle neck effect
founder effect
Choice Mating
Migration
leads to gene flow
immigration vs. emigration
Mutation
UV Radiation
Carcinogens
Poisions
Natural or Artificial Selection
Rate of Evolution
Gradualism
Charles Darwin's idea that adaptions accumulate leading to unnoticable evolution
Punctuated Equilibrium
idea that there are periods of rapid evolution throughout long periods of no evolution