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The Brain (Brain Structures (Cerebrum (Center for learning, memory,…

- - - - Hypothalamus: internal regulation of things like temperature and pH level (related to homeostasis)
      - Thalamus: helps to process sensory input
  - - - Come from peripheral, make head/body move toward noise/movement
      - NOT the same as visual and auditory signals
    - - Coordinated movement
      - Responsible for autonomic functions
  - - - Temporal Lobe
        
        Language
        
        Hearing
      - Parietal Lobe
        
        Sensory Information (sensory association cortex)
        
        Touch (somatosensory cortex)
      - Occipital Lobe
        
        Other vision (not in that cortex)
        
        Vision (visual association cortex)
      - Frontal Lobe
        
        decision making controlled by prefrontal cortex
        
        Speech (generating words) controlled by Broca's area
        
        Skeletal muscles controlled by motor cortex
    - - Areas correlate with number of sensory neurons, not size of body part
        
        Legs have much fewer--> smaller area
        
        Face has a lot of sensory neurons so it's a big area
      - Neurons arranged by body part receiving info (all mouth ones together, all leg ones together, etc)
  - - - Birds: have a pallium--> neurons clustered in a structure to be in charge of higher order processing (also in mammals but buried in cerebrum)
      - Mammals: convoluted cortes (has folds) which increases surface area of cortex--> more cognitive functioning
    - - Brain uses 20-25% of basal metabolism (high)
      - Cerebral Cortex is 80% of brain mass
        
        remaining 20% does everything else
        
        suggests that cognitive functioning is very important
  - - - Taking info and sending it to correct parts of the brain
      - Routing of sensory information
    - - Involuntary activities and motor activities
      - Involves cerebellum
    - - sleep
      - smell
      - learning
      - Complex processing
- - - - Involves temporary links in hippocampus
      - Holds information briefly, lost if not important
    - - Connections in Cerebral Cortex
      - More secure information retention
  - - - Synapses can then send even more neurotransmitters
      - strengthening of synapses that exist
- - - - Emotions recalled by experiencing similar situations
      - Help us by recalling how we felt in similar situations
    - - works with emotions and memory (emotional responses rely on memory of previous responses)
      - amygdala, hypothalamus, thalamus, etc
  - - - both reading and hearing
      - controls the ability to comprehend speech/language
    - - Controls production of speech
      - part of forebrain