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Animal & Plant Responses (Interspecific Relationships (Symbiotic…

- - - - Chemicals- Chemotaxis
        
        Food- Trophotaxis
      - Light- Phototaxis
      - Temperature- Thermotaxis
      - Gravity- Gravitaxis OR Geotaxis
      - Touch- Thigmotaxis
      - Water- Hydrotaxis
      - Current- Rheotaxis
      - Tropotaxis
        
        Compares stimulus betweenn 2 receptors
      - Klinotaxis
        
        Compares stimulus with one receptor
    - - Klinokinesis
        
        Rate of Turning
      - Orthokinesis
        
        Speed of movement
    - - Migration
        
        Cues
        
        External Cues
        
        Photoperiod
        
        Shifting Seasons
        
        Food & Water Availability
        
        Internal Cues
        
        Circadian Rhythms
        
        Fat Reserves
        
        Sexual Maturity
        
        Food, Shelter, Reproduction
      - Homing
      - Navigation Techniques
        
        Solar (Sun Compass)
        
        Stellar (Star Compass)
        
        Magnetic Field (Magnetic Compass)
        
        Landmarks
        
        Smell (Olfactory Compass)
        
        Sounds (Echolocation)
  - - - Gravity- Gravitropism
      - Water- Hydrotropism
      - Touch- Thigmotropism
      - Light- Phototropism
    - - Thigmonasty
      - Nyctinasty
    - - Critical Day Length
        
        Short Day Plants (SDP) darkness > critical night length
        
        Long Day Plants (LDP) darkness < critical night length
      - Photoperiodism
        
        Phytochrome
        
        Pr (Absorbs red light)
        
        Short Day Plants (SDP) Inhibits flowering
        
        Long Day Plants (LDP) Triggers flowering
        
        Pfr (Absorbs far red light)
        
        Long Day Plants (LDP) Flash of light will Inhibit flowering
    - - Abscisic Acid
      - Gibberilins
      - Ethylene
      - Auxin
      - Cytokinin
- - - - Brain (SCN/ Pineal Gland)
        
        Effector
- - - - Parasitism
        
        Hemiparasitism
        
        Brood Parasite
      - Predation
        
        Carnivore
        
        Omnivore
        
        Herbivore
        
        Predator
        
        Mimicry
        
        Mullerian Mimicry (similarities of)
        
        Aggressive Mimicry (wolf in sheep clothing)
        
        Stalking, Chasing, Camouflage Grouping etc
        
        Prey
        
        Defence Strategies
        
        Morphological Defences
        
        Mimicry- Batesian (sheep in wolf clothing)
        
        Aposematism
        
        Camouflage
        
        Behavioural Defences
        
        Freezing
        
        Bluffing
      - Antibiosis
        
        Allelopathy
  - - - Epiphyte
  - - - Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle
        
        Patterns of Distribution
        
        Zonation
        
        Stratification
        
        Succession
- - - - Hierarchy
        
        Agonsitc Behaviour
        
        Aggressive Behaviour
        
        Co Operative Behaviour
      - Territory
        
        Protection of Physical Environment
        
        Home Range
      - Ritualisation
      - Reproductive Strategies
        
        Parental Care
        
        K- selected strategies (less offspring/ higher % survival)
        
        r- selected strategies (many offspring/ less % survival)
        
        Courtship
        
        Sexually Dimorphic
        
        Mating
        
        Monogamy (pair bonding)
        
        Polygyny, polygamy, polyandry, polygynandry
      - Role Specialisation
      - Availability of Mates
      - Detection of threats
      - Defence
      - Foraging/ Hunting Availability
      - DISADVANTAGE: Competition!!! and Disease
    - - Dominance
      - Submissive