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Concept Map - Corrections (Chapter 11 (three models of incarceration 40s…
Concept Map - Corrections
Chapter 10
The Declaration of Principles
reform and rehabilitation methods
Rehab/Medicinal Model
Fail
Community Model
Increased opportunities for offenders to be successful after "treatment"
Government Involvement
various levels must be involved
divide between the Federal Bureau of Prisons and the Administrative Office of the US Courts
Executive Branch - admin
Jails - local
Believe that rates have grown so much because of advances in crimes
Chapter 12
Assumptions of corrections / correction programs
crimes do not fit sentence
community supervision is cheaper
recidivism rates are no different
after alterations?
ex-inmates require supervision in return to community
Probation
First made to allow minor offenses to be taken as warnings - now they serve different purposes
more than 50% of offenders are on probation
Intermediate sanctions
Video Assignment !
More flexible with sentencing - judges can be more creative in their punishments
Money is tight so community involvement and acceptance of the release and reintegration is very important
Chapter 11
"big house" prisons
big facility, many people, different backgrounds
Prison society
highly structured rules and regulations - enforced by guards
three models of incarceration 40s
Custodial model
security is a concern of all prisons and was especially when there weren't as many prisons and a lot of inmates
Rehabilitation Model
Chores and tasks made inmates learn and be productive on the inside
Reintegration Model
Not all people who commit crimes will be imprisoned for life and they need help being released among society
The governing of prisons
Public knows little of this information
very stuck in the past with the way things are handled now
management is key
conducting a good working environment and "prison life" is what keeps things in order
4 key factors to better control of prisons
defects of total power
not one person, guard, or member is the "king" anymore - this theory is too outdated for the crimes and intelligence in the US
limited use of rewards and punishments
Punishments shouldn't be used for no reason - only bad behavior. Like a child - reward the good and punish the bad
exchange relationships
Quality work environment makes everything easier
strength of intimate leadership
the prisoner and guard bond should not cross a line - the alpha role needs to be in place in the inmates eyes
Most Prisoners are: young male minorities with low education levels
Keeping in mind that prisons have their own subculture and that isolation is not going to help people grow into better people is another characteristic to remember about making prisons a more productive environment
To make prisons more safe and better for the ones who get out - education and training for jobs is a big factor in the productivity of sentences
Chapter 13
"Reentry"
People are getting released but are not changed or determined to stop committing crimes
Parole
Conditional release from prison
Basically walking on a very thin line with the law
Mechanisms of release
Four types of release
expiration
full sentence is completed
Mandatory
depending on the length of the crime, revisitation of their case, and other circumstances to allow release
conditional
placement of convicts under supervision
discretionary
parole board - discusses release of an individual
Parole officers help their ex-inmates by meeting with them and making sure that they abide by the law
they face many problems because parole is a very new way to get the numbers of inmates down
Chapter 14
Technology and the Law
cyber crime
Can help or affect cases
Over time...
different emergency numbers of lesser crimes
Police body and car cameras to record instances where the public does not have the question officers/offenders actions
DNA Testing
Without DNA - it is uncertain whether or not many of the countries most notorious criminals would have ever been caught.
Police Weaponry
Police gadgets are not less fatal and more based to halt and stun individuals
Chapter 15
Youth Crime in the US
Crimes have decreased but the crimes have become more serious and less "innocent" or "kids being kids"
Based on age and sometimes if the crime is very bad - they will be tried as adults
New issues include race wars and cyberbullying
technology is still a struggle (see CH 14)
It think that this is a good section to put the connection to the last concept map because charging and dealing with kids a whole other part of the system and courts.