Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Basic Japanese Parts of Speech (Verbs - a word used to describe an action,…
Basic Japanese Parts of Speech
Nouns
- a word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things
Examples
- 車、犬、ホットドグ、辞書、図書館、学校、学生、母、父、島、日本、アメリカ、飲み物、食べ物、にんじん、いちご
Verbs
- a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence
Class 2
- most verbs ending in "る" and have an "い" or "え" sounding hiragana right before
Examples
: 食べる、見る、上げる、教える、起きる
Class 3
- the verbs "する" and "来る" meaning "to do" and "to come" respectively
Class 1
- verbs ending "う" sounding hiragana
Examples
: 買う、行く、話す、持つ、死ぬ、及ぶ、読む、入る、
Particles
- A particle is a word that has a grammatical function but does not fit into the main parts of speech (i.e. noun, verb, adverb)
Examples
: は - topic, が - subject, を - object, に/へ - directional, に/で/から - locational, に/から/まで - time, と/や - with, の - genitive case, ね/よ - sentence final, か - question
Adjectives
- a word or phrase naming an attribute, added to or grammatically related to a noun to modify or describe it.
い adjectives
- all adjectives that end in "い" hiragana
Examples
- 楽しい、おいしい、やさしい、早い、速い、寒い、暖かい、大きい、
な adjectives
- all adjectives that end in everything other "い"
or
that take "な" before a noun
Examples
- 綺麗、有名、静か、元気、大変、
Adverb
- a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc.
Any
adjective
can become an
adverb
in Japanese
い adverbs
- drop "い" and add "く"
Examples
: 楽しく、おいしく、やさしく、早く、速く、大きく、
な adverbs
- attach "に" to the end
Examples
: 綺麗に、有名に、静かに、元気に、大変に、
Pronouns
- a word that can function by itself as a noun phrase and that refers either to the participants in the discourse or to someone or something mentioned elsewhere in the discourse
Examples
- 私、ぼく、彼、あなた、おれ、彼女、彼ら、私たち