Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
APPLIED ETHICS (KANTIAN ETHICS (Crime and punishment (OBJECTION says…
APPLIED ETHICS
KANTIAN ETHICS
War
Resorting to war most important aspect is CAUSE - universal maxim can be if there is a just cause. Just cause is like resisting agression
-
End war should be fought to defend rights, justice at the end of war shouldn't be fuelled to more war or form of revenge
-
-
Crime and punishment
-
Justifications violate the Categorical Imperative as they treat people as mere means not ends in themselves
Seen as objects in need of reformation rather than moral grounds for repetence
Criminals have dignity and authority
But according to Kant treating someone as a rational being means holding them responsible for actions; 'eye for an eye'
VIRTUE ETHICS
Crime and punishment
Justice in rectification, the principle that each person receives what they are due in life. They aim to set right what is unjustly unequal and settle the unfair advantage
OBJECTIONS: 1. Is it right to think of crime always having an unfair advantage that needs to be balanced?
- Takes focus off the victim and puts focus onto criminal - by talking about gain and loss which doesn't really apply to the victim
- How does this argument clearly link to virtue ethics - Aristotle needs to ascertain the direct link to eudaemonia
Response to 3. Justifies punishment on the grounds of its effects - how does it effect eudaemonia and our virtues?
-
Stimulated killing
-
-
would a virtuous person involve themselves in this action - what is the motive and is the pleasure that is produced enjoyed appropriately
someone should be able to draw a clear and distinct understanding between reality and stimulated killing - should find the doctrine of the mean
UTILITARIANISM
Crime and punishment
"all punishment in itself is evil" Bentham - due to the principle of utility - it can only be justified if the increase in unhappiness is outweighed by happiness
-
OBJECTIONS: 1. if the only exception for allowing a punishment is to prevent crime surely it is just to do so if someone might offend - punishing an innocent person seems unjust?
- We could also use any punishment for the prevention of crime
Response from rule utilitarian says that they can make a rule saying to punish in line with proportion
War
Resorting to war - focus on consequences 1. less costly way 2. violence without gain can't be justified 3. response to declaration must be proportionate
-