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Simple Harmonic Motion and Waves (Waves is an oscillation…
Simple Harmonic Motion and Waves
Waves is an oscillation that transfers energy and momentum.
Mechanical waves: a disturbance of matter that travels along a medium. Examples include waves on a string, sound, and water waves.
Different variables for waves
Speed of waves: Speed at which the wave disturbance moves. Also called the propagation speed.
Wavelength: Distance between adjacent maxima or minima of a wave.
Crest: Highest point on a transverse wave. Also called the peak.
Trough: Highest point on a transverse wave.
Wavelength is wave speed divided by frequency.
Transverse waves:Oscillations where particles are displaced perpendicular to the wave direction.
Longitude waves: Oscillations where particles are displaced parallel to the wave direction.
Interaction between waves
Constructive interference:
When overlapping waves produce a wave with an amplitude that is the sum of the individual waves.
Destructive interference:
When overlapping waves produce a wave with an amplitude that is the sum of the individual waves.
Simple Harmonic is oscillatory motion where the net force on the system is a restoring force.
Restoration force: A force acting opposite to displacement to bring the system back to equilibrium, which is its rest position. The force magnitude depends only on displacement, such as in Hooke’s law.
Oscillatory motion: Repeated back and forth movement over the same path about an equilibrium position, such as a mass on a spring or pendulum.
Equations
A mass suspended from a light string that can oscillate when displaced from its rest position.
The elastic potential energy is directly proportional to the square of the change in length and the spring constant.
Translational kinetic energy is directly proportional to mass and the square of the speed.
