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Exam Positive TP's for TU's (The New deal (1933) (The nature of…
Exam Positive TP's for TU's
The New deal (1933)
National industry recovery act (NIRA) and the National recovery administration helped to improve relations between employers/ee's with a series of codes concerning production, wages and hours
The Wagner act 1955 gave workers the right to elect their own representatives to take part in collective bargaining and the right to join TU's
A min weekly wage was established by the fair labour standards act 1938
National labour relations board est - power to bargain on behalf of workers
Industries previously recognised the united Automobile workers union in 1936 and Us steel recognised the steel workers organising committee in 1937
the recognition of unions encouraged a growth in tU membership which rose from 3.7 m in 1933 to 9m in 1938
The nature of unions changes with the est of the committee of industrial organisations 1935 became congress of industrial organisations (CIO) in 1937
Encouraged whole-industry unions and encouraged ethnic groups to join TU's
25% increase in the number of AA's working in iron and steel industries
1mil new jobs for AA's
War
WW1
The National war labour board guaranteed workers the right to join a TU
The Fed govt recognised TU's as representing the workforce for the first time
The fed govt negotiated with unions through the national war labour board and guaranteed the right to collective bargaining
Real wages rose by 20% during WW1
Adamson Act (1916) railroad employees engaged in interstate commerce were given an 8 hour day
AFL had over 2mil members by 1914
The AFL had influential businessmen, inc Marcus A Hanna and J P Morgan, who were prepared to work with the AFL to establish mediation and conciliation in the workplace
WW2
several states, especially SS, passed "right to work" laws prohibiting closed shops, therefore workers could choose which union to join
25% increase in the number of AA's working in the iron and steel industry
Fair employment act 1941 promoted equality in employment - benefit minorities
Fair employment practice committee in 1941 helped reduce discrimination in employment
AA's employed on aircrafts
1941 Ford recognised the labour union for the purposes of collective bargaining
During WW2 the National war labour board (1941) adjudicated in wage disputes and adopted a 15% cost of living wage increase formula
Provided jobs for married and unmarried women
Civil war
By 1900, the number of female workers had tripled so that they now made up 17% of the total workforce
the CW increased the industrialisation of America, which increased the jobs available to women
The merger of the AFL-CIO (1955)
85% of TU members into a single unit so reduced divisions between skilled and unskilled labour and increased the chance of them being recognised by employers
AFL (1886) was one of the first successful national labour federations seeking to link all unions, but still had problems with divisions
Had over 2mil members by 1914
Meant unions were more successful in bargaining over wage rates
By 1960's the average workers income was 35% higher than in 1955 and 200% higher than 1920's
Cater increased min wage to $2.65 an hour
The AFL-CIO encouraged TU's to abandon discriminatory practices even though this meant losing affiliated unions in the SS eg Mississippi
AA/NA's
BSCP's - A P Randolph
initally rejected by the Pullman company, but later gained the support of the AFL and as recognised by the pullman company in 1935
AA introduced by JFK
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Increased the number of jobs available eg from 1 to 12% in steel and iron industry for AA's
Women
The CR act 1964 prohibited discrimination on the basis of gender and ethnicity
Affirmative action - LBJ expanded AA in the fed govt to include women