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Phobic disorder (kecelaruan fobia) (Symptoms (Anxiety or extreme fear when…
Phobic disorder (kecelaruan fobia)
Definition
Phobic disorders (phobias) involve persistent, irrational fears and avoidance of the situations or objects that induce these fears. They may be the most common form of anxiety.
Causal factors
As is the case with other anxiety states, the causes of phobias aren’t clearly established. Probably a combination of environmental and genetic factors play a role.
Phobias tend to run in families. If you have a family member who suffers from a phobic disorder, you may be more vulnerable to the condition.
Theories
Psychoanalytic Theory
Learning Theory
Biological Basis
Concepts
The phobia typically results in a rapid onset of fear and is present for more than six months.[1] The affected person will go to great lengths to avoid the situation or object, typically to a degree greater than the actual danger posed.[1] If the feared object or situation cannot be avoided, the affected person will have significant distress.[
Symptoms
Anxiety or extreme fear when confronted with a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual threat.
Rapid heart rate
High blood pressure
Excessive sweating
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Feeling lightheaded or dizzy
Types of treatments
Behavioral therapy may help desensitize the person to the thing or situation that causes fear and anxiety.
The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Beta-blockers, a class of drugs commonly used to treat angina, high blood pressure, irregular heart rhythms, and migraine, may help ease the physical symptoms of phobic disorders but are not recommended for ongoing treatment.
Hyponosis
Cognitive behavior treatment
Impacts
Life-Limiting and Severe Anxiety
Isolation
Embarrassing
Feeling out of Control
Helplessness