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How does the brain work? Science D145-D146 (Human Brian Facts by the…
How does the brain work? Science D145-D146
Interconnected groups of neurons in the brain are responsible for higher order thinking and complex behaviour
Scientists unravel the vast power of the brain and health as well as disease
Neurotransmitters are chemicals that give rise to our everyday life. Our actions, our moods, and our behaviours
The chemical pass from neuron to neuron via synapses. Within the synapses, the glucose metabolism of the mitochondria and electrical impulse of the action potential cause the vacuoles to intersect with the cellular wall and realise neurotransmitters between junction membranes
Different membranes different functions and behaviours are localized in certain brain regions. Using this knowledge the brains many different mental functions can be broken down into more easily approachable elements by looking at the smaller parts of the brain regions and activities, a more comprehensive understanding of overall brain function can be built
For example, the vision received information from the retina after initial processing these circuits analyzed information in different streams so that there's one stream of information describing what the visual object is and another stream is concerned with where the object is in space. Once the function is understood in the less complicated elements of the brain organization then this information can be reassembled to help understand the workings of the whole brain
Rats are good at remembering where things are and how to get them
Everytime the rat makes his left, right decisions, neurons fire very quickly just before it makes its turn
Scientists can use technologies developed recently such as functional magnetic resonance imaging or FMRI. The FMRI machine makes it possible to take pictures of activity within a living brain
Example of the kind of information we get when comparing the brains of normal and mentally ill people
clearly several systems including higher cognitive processes hearing and movement are impacted in this disease
Imaging provides a way to identify how the brain processes information differently in schizophrenia
Human Brian Facts by the Number
The typical brain comprises about 2% of the body’s total weight, but uses 20% of its total energy and oxygen intake
Your brain is 73% water. It takes only 2% dehydration to affect your attention, memory and other cognitive skills
Ninety minutes of sweating can temporarily shrink the brain as much as one years aging does
Your brain weights about three pounds
Six percent of the dry weight is fat, making the brain the most fatty organ in the body
Twenty-five percent of the body's cholesterol resides within the brain
Cholesterol is an integral part of every brain cell
No one knows for sure, but the latest estimate is that out brains contain roughly 86 billion brain cells
Each neuron can transmit 1,000 nerve impulses per second and make as many as tens of thousands of synaptic contacts with other neurons
A piece of brain tissue is the size of a grain of sand that contains 100,000 neurons and 1 billion synapses, all communicating with each other
Your brain needs a constant supply of exygen
As little as five minutes without oxygen can cause some brain cells to die, leading severe brain damage
babies have big heads to hold rapidly growing brains
A 2 year old is 80% of an adult size
As any parent can attest, teenage brains are not fully formed
It isn't until about the age of 25 that the human brain reaches full maturity
Brain information travels up to an impressive 268 mph
This is faster than a F1 car
Your brain generates about 12-25 watts of electicity
This is enough to power a low-watted LED light
There's a reason the brain has been called a "random thought generator"
The average brain is believed to generate up to 50,000 thoughts per day