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Seed Plants II: Angiosperms (Monocots (Commelinod Moncots (Aracales,…
Seed Plants II: Angiosperms
Changing Concepts About Early Angiosperms
ranalean flower
generalized, that is it has all parts
sepals
petals
stamens
carpels
positioned in superior position
arranged spirally
monophyletic
double fertilization
flowers
developmental plasticity
happened during Jurassic and Lower cretaceous periods of the mesozoic era
Classification of Flowering Plants
Monocots
one cotyledon on each embryo
vascular bundles
distributed through the stem, not restricted in one ring
does have ordinary secondary growth and wood
flowers
arranged in groups or multiples of threes
three sepals
three petals
three stamens
three carpels
leaves
strap shaped, paallel, elonated
Eudicots
two cotyledons, reticulated venation on leaves
Vascular bundles
only one ring in stem
has many modified forms, flower occurs in sets of five or for
Basal Angiosperm
early angiosperm diverging into several clades
Basal Angiosperm
uniaperturate, pollen grains only has one germination pore
contain living descendants of several groups, of young clades
Groups
Amborellaceae
wood contains tracheids
no vessels
little parenchymas
small trees in New Caledonia
Nymphaeace
small, soft-bodied herbs
example, water lilies
vascular bundles scattered
colourful
no wood
Austrobaileyales
lack vessels
axial parenchyma
Monocots
Alismateles
aquatic herb
thin delicate
no xylem
Lilies
petaliod
Asparagales
carpels fuse side by side
Septa
open areas secrete nectar
septal nectaries
Commelinod Moncots
Aracales
Poales
Zingiberales
Eudicots
Basal Eudicots
Caryophyllales
Santales
Rosid Clade
Asterid Clade
Magnoliophyta
are the most advanced group of flowering plants
