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Corrections (Colonial Period 1600s-1790s, Penitentiary 1790s-1860s,…
Corrections
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Isolation & Labor, Reformation through suffering
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National Prison Association Meeting: Inmate change rewarded by release, indeterminate sentences, separation of sexes
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Focus on environment and offender rehabilitation: medical/pyschological treatment, vocational training, education
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Jail: Holds those awaiting trial, holding facilities for state, federal
Issues: Conditions, Lack of programming;services, Training of staff, Suicide, Mental Illness
Inmates Rights: Hands-Off period (prior to 1960s), Prisoner's Rights Era (1960s-1980s)
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Goals of Incarceration: Custodial Model, Rehabilitation Model, Reintegration Model
Use of Force inside Institutions: Self Defense, Defense of another, upholding prison rules, prevention of crime, prevention of escapes
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Classification: Based upon: risk to security, education, ability to work, readiness/time to release
Elderly Inmates: Increased cost due to medical needs, security needs, 152,000 over 55
Inmates with AIDS/HIV & Mentally Ill Patients: 1.6% in state prisons with AIDS, Increase in use of prescription medication for those with mental illness
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Probation, Fines, Restitution, Forefiture
Sanctions by the Community: Home confinement, community service, day reporting, Intensive supervision probation (ISP)
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Re-entry into the Community: Institutional Reentry, Parole
Parole Agent (As a Cop): keep community safe, enforce conditions or release, may search without notice, warrant, and arrest without bail for suspected violations
As a Social Worker: assist with housing, employment, liaison between parole and the community, build relationship for success
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Puritan Era (1645-1824): Massachusetts Stubborn Child Law, Discipline at hands of family
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Crime Control Period (1980-2005): Harsher punishment for juveniles, support waiver to adult courts
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Ties with Module 1,2,and 3
Ultimately, the corrections system is a huge part of the the criminal justice system. They all intertwine with each other. The police arrest and bring into custody an offender, the courts in which the offender is brought to is brought up on charges and tried for those crimes they committed. Upon guilty verdict, said offender is placed in an appropriate correctional institution for a said amount of time. Upon release, they possibly could be placed under intermediate sanctions in order to potentially be rehabilitated and reintegrated into society as a functioning and healthy citizen