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Edgar Aethling and Rebellions of the North in 1069 (Sept 1069…
Edgar Aethling and Rebellions of the North in 1069
Why they were a threat to William?
Rebels in Northumbria joined Edgar
king Sweign sent a fleet of ships led by his brother
Edgar had backing of Malcolm III in the Scotland
Uprising in York
Edgar came from Scotland, joined rebels and they attacked the Sheriff of York
Responces
built a second castle which William FitzObern was put in charge of so he could control the North whilst Harold was in Winchetster
William and army marched North quickly and ends rebellion
Robert Cumin, Earl of Northumbria, was attacking North, letting his troops loot. His troops were slaughtered by the Northumbrians and the house Cumin was seeking refuge in was set on fire resulting in his death
Sept 1069
King Sweign (Denmark) fleet arrived - they must have though William was vulnerable at the time otherwise they would have spent the money and made the effort to do this
21st Sept they reached York
Danes met with Edgar and combined forces - MAJOR THREAT TO WILLIAM
Normans accidently set fire to the city when attempting to clear houses
Met up with Anglo-Danish army who ripped them to pieces. 3000 Normans killed, 2 castles destroyed, lots plundered by Danish fleet - ENORMOUS PRESSURE FOR WILLIAM
Why the Normans held on?
Williams leadership - when Williams troops arrived rebels scattered
Anglo-Danish army not united as the army split up
responses
William paid Danes to leave and they did as all they wanted was to enrich themselves in England not invade
Embarked on 'Harrying of the North' in winter 1069-70
Consequences of Rebellion 2
most of York in ruins, castles destroyed
harrying of the north
3000 Normans dead and Norman garrisons slaughtered
Problems after Sept 1069
Danes were waiting for Williams army to be exhausted by rebellions before they attacked again
news kept on coming through of new rebellions- but as soon as William got to the areas rebels would scattered and then rebellions would flare in other places
Anglo saxon rebels scattered - Gorilla warfare
after victory for William, Danes sailed to Lincolnshire coast - difficult access for William because of the swamps
Harrying of the North
English migrated and Danes stayed on their ships and didn't fight
This warned Danes that if they did come back to fight they would have no English rebels supporting them
burnt crops, destroyed homes and killed lifestock - made life impossible for victims