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FEBRUARY REVOLUTION (WW1 (Growing dissatisfaction in general population…

- - - - Rasputin murdered
    - - High level officers push for resignation
      - Support from elite collapses
- - - - Soviet - organised by Bolshevik party. Challenged by Soviet historian, ignored, view taken up by wester H
      - Traditional liberal view of spontaneous and leaderless H
      - Hooligan crime as revolutionary activity HAsegawa
    - - Key reason why 1905 failed and 1917 succeeded
      - Hasegawa - most important impact
        
        changed nature of society and economy
  - - - Many did not desert until incompetence of leaders made their defense irrelevant
      - Hasegawa - role of authority had massive implications in desertion for being so incompetent - argues incompetence was rooted in the structure of the regime
  - - - Army appointments and firing, war plans
      - Opposition to reform and back pedaling
      - Wouldn't take advice
    - - Couldn't back out from war
        
        Unlikely any govt could have avoided - Ascher
        
        Didn't think it would happen - Lieven
      - Product of tsarism
        
        Wasn't his to give away - Lieven
      - Groups wanted different things - never please everyone
      - Wider context of revolution
      - Given bad advice - told war would be popular - Lieven
- - - - Seems to have worked - all major revolutionaries fled e.g. Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky
  - - - Responses include more force - spirals
      - Membership and funding for underground revolutionaries grows - echoes until WW1
      - Previous stability shattered