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Intestinal motility and regulation (Intestinal reflexes (Gastroileal…
Intestinal motility and regulation
Digestive motility pattern
Peristalsis=moving or propulsive contraction
Segmentation=mixing contraction
Migrating Motor Complex (MMC)
Occurs during fasting individuals
Serve as "housekeeping" function that sweeps food remnant and bacteria out of the upper GI tract and into the large intestine.
Basic electrical activity
Regulated by BER (basic electrical rhythm) or slow wave potential or pace setter potential
Interstitial cells of Cajal are the instigator of BER
Function: As pacemaker cells and help regulate slow wave peristalsis of the gut.
GIT Neural Control
Intrinsic control ( Enteric nervous system)
Myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus
Function
Increases tonic contraction ( tone)
Increases intensity of rhythm of contraction
Increases rhythm rate
Increases velocity of conduction of excitatory waves
Submucosal (Meissner's) plexus
Function
Secretion
Absorption
Contraction of submucosal muscles that causes various degrees of infolding of the gastrointestinal mucosa
Entrinsic control ( Autonomic nervous system )
Parasympathetic ('rest &digest' situation)
Tend to increase smooth muscle motility, digestive enzyme & hormone secretion
Sympathetic ('flight & fight' situation )
Tends to inhibit (slow digestive contraction & secretion)
Intestinal reflexes
Gastroileal reflex
: Increased gastric activity motilityof ileum & movement of chyme through ileocecal sphincter
Ileogastric reflex
: Distention of ileum, decreases gastric motility
Intestino-intestinal reflex
: Overdistension in 1 segment, causes relaxation throughout the rest of intestine
Large intestine
Type of movement
Haustration
Mass movement
Function
Water absorption(400-1000ml/day) & ions
Storage of food remnants that are not needed