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Volcano Case Study (Mount Merapi) (Long Term (The government is making…
Volcano Case Study (Mount Merapi)
Effect
Primary (caused directly by the volcano)
Ash fell up to 30km away and 5km into the sky. 15km away, villages were under 30cm of ash
Volcanic bombs and hot gases of up to 800°C spread over 11km away
Sulphur Dioxide was blown across Indonesia and as far South as Australia
Secondary (result from primary effects)
Emergency shelters had to be moved over 15km away
Danger area extended to 20km from the mountain and 278,000 people living in this area had to flee their homes
Vegetable prices increased because of the damage to crops
Ash, rock and lava deposited on the sides of the volcano is still being washed down into towns by rainfall
Causes
The volcano and its eruptions were caused by the Indo-Australian Plate being subducted beneath the Eurasian Plate.
The volcano is located on a destructive plate margin at a subduction zone and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire.
Response
Short Term
210 evacuation centres were set up either as tents, in schools, churches, stadiums or government offices
1,600 people, either volunteers or military, were part of the national aid response
International aid was offered from organisations such as the Red Cross
Impact
Positive
Ash from the volcano will eventually lead to more fertile soils in the area
A conservation area has been set up around the volcano where it is unsafe to live
Negative
overcrowded leading to poor sanitation, no privacy and serious disease risk
People, particularly farmers, lost their homes and livelihoods
273 people were killed and 577 people were injured
360,000 people were displaced from their homes
INFO
located in South East Asia (Indonesia)
It is North of Yogyakarta and West of Solo on the island of Java.
It is 1,700m high and has been erupting regularly since the 1500s.
Long Term
The government is making money available to farmers to help replace their livestock
The government has set up a special task force to support people that have been affected by the volcano
(either by family issues, or because they have lost their jobs)
2,682 people have had to be moved to new, safer houses permanently
Formal evacuation centres were eventually set up because buildings e.g. schools and government offices, were needed for their official uses