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Lecture 7: Digital Diplomacy & Creative Statecraft - Lecture (Vienna…
Lecture 7: Digital Diplomacy & Creative Statecraft - Lecture
What is diplomacy?
Almost a code of conduct
Has more of a public realm & wider audience in contemporary geopolitics.
Origins of diplomacy
Tracing back to Ancient Greece and Rome, diplomacy was viewed with a leader travelling to another realm on a diplomatic mission to pay homage to another leader - in return for the likes of trade deals.
After fall of Rome, Byzantine Empire established strict and complex protocols designing the likes of 1st Ambassadors, 1st Foreign Affairs Department, 1st Imperial Intelligence Organisation to maintain the imperial status of the Empire to its neighbours
Further Development
Northern Italian states further diplomacy in 14th and 15th century, as seen in
Machiavelli's "The Prince" ~ Handbook of diplomatic practice and interstate relations (1532)
New ways defined of what is TO BE diplomatic, with Machiavellian characteristics of duplicity, schemingness, intrigue.
Vienna Convention (1961/1964)
Post WW2, laws for the codification of international diplomacy - a further manifestation. Made in Vienna, an area of elites.
You can still draw so many similarities towards the origins of diplomacy with the aspects of elitist leadership etc. Code of conduct to be lavish etc. (US Gov visit to the UK - treatment to visit the Queen etc).
Article 22 - The premises of a diplomatic mission, such as an embassy, are inviolable and must not be entered by the host country except by permission of the head of the mission. Furthermore, the host country must protect the mission from intrusion or damage. The host country must never search the premises, nor seize its documents or property. Article 30 extends this provision to the private residence of the diplomats.
Article 27. The host country must permit and protect free communication between the diplomats of the mission and their home country. A diplomatic bag must never be opened even on suspicion of abuse. A diplomatic courier must never be arrested or detained.
Article 29. Diplomats must not be liable to any form of arrest or detention. They are immune from civil or criminal prosecution, though the sending country may waive this right under Article 32. Under Article 34, they are exempt from most taxes, and under Article 36 they are exempt from most customs duties.
Actors such as Julian Assange (from the wikileaks scandal) is protected by these diplomatic laws and has been in refuge at London's Ecuador embassy since June 2012
Sites of Diplomacy
Embassies
We see American Embassy being re-located to new gentrificaiton hostpot NINE MOTHERFUCKING ELMS
Its grandeur, rooftop swimming pools, size of space, technology, architecture is a display of its soft power. (
Neumann, 2015
)
UN Secretary Council Chamber
Foreign & Commonwealth Office
Ambassador homes e.g. British designed home in the middle of Washington D.C - Take in the significance of its very British architecture etc.
Diplomacy: multiple tracks.
Diplomacy delineated by scholars to multi-tracks at a web of interconnected activities to operate together for a common goal of world peace by the IMTD
DEFINITION
"The conduct of relations between states and other entities with standing in world politics by agents and by peaceful means" -
Bull, 1977
Diplomacy Keywords
Nuclear Diplomacy emerging due to nuclear proliferation in North Korea and previous anxieties of Iraq holding weapons of mass destruction.
