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Ch. 22 Seed Plants I (Division Coniferophyta (long shoots, short shoots,…
Ch. 22 Seed Plants I
Division Coniferophyta
long shoots
short shoots
simple cones
compound cones
cone bracts
ovuliferous scale
suspensor
proembryo
Concepts
lignophytes
group of woody plants
spermatophytes
manoxylic wood
large, compound leaves
radially symmetrical seeds
pycnoxylic wood
small, simple leaves
flattened seeds
gymnosperms
"naked" ovules
on flat sporophylls
angiosperms
flowering plants
with carpals
Division Cycadophyta
confused with ferns or palms
short plants 1-2 m
leaves do not bear ovules
produce seed cones
seed cone is large
Division Progymnospermophyta
progymnosperms
gave rise to
conifers
cycads
Aneurophytales
Aneurophyton
Protopteridium
Proteokalem
Tetraxylopteris
Triboloxylon
Eospermatopteris
from shrubs to large trees
Archaeopteridales
8.4 m tall
abundant wood
Evolution of Seeds
integument
micropyle
pollen chamber
Division Ginkgophyta
Maidenhair tree
G. biloba
looks like dicot tree
Division Gnetophyta
anthophytes
division anthophyta
several million yrs old
pollen spindle shaped
3 groups of enigmatic plants
Gnetum
Ephedra
Welwitschia mirabilis
Division Pteridospermophyta
seed ferns
Upper Devonian Period
evolved from Aneurophytales
3 divisions
Pteridospermophyta
seed ferns, all extinct
Cycadophyta
cycads, extant
Cycadeoidophyta
cycadeoids, all extinct
Division Cycadeoidophyta
all extinct
vegetative features of cycads
