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Ch. 16 What are more qualitative research methods? (Phenomenology (Data…
Ch. 16 What are more qualitative research methods?
Phenomenology
is
the description of one or more individuals' experience of a phenomenon
purpose
is
to obtain a view into a participant's life-worlds & to understand personal meanings
Types
include
Traditional/Classical Phenomenolgy
founded by
Edmund Husserl
describes
experience in purest form and must suspend any preconceptions
Interpretative phenomenological analysis or IPA
focuses
on situated, interpreted, & particular lived experiences
Data Collection
is
collected from several individuals
gathered from in-depth interviews
searches
for "significant statements"
"meanings"
"themes
reports
in a narrative style, including descriptions of participants & methods used, fundamental structure, & discussion of findings.
Ethnography
is
"writing about people"
focused on discovering & describing the culture of a group of people
description of culture
which is
shared beliefs
shared values
shared norms
types include
1.) Classical ethnography
2.) Ethnology
is
comparative study of cultural groups; looks for similarities & differences among groups
3.) Ethnohistory
is
study of cultural past of a group of people
4.) Autoethnography
focuses
on self-examination, self-reflection, & purposive inclusion of cultural & contextual description of one's life
Data Collection
includes
extended fieldwork
Data Analysis
has
one Cardinal Rule
which is
Do not be ethnocentric toward people you are studying. (Do not judge people from a different culture according to the standards of your own
two perspectives
which are
emic perspective - insider's perspecive
etic perspective - external, social scientific view of realtiy
Reports
Try to write holistically
which means
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Grounded Theory
is
for developing theory that is grounded in data that is systematically gathered & analyzed
has
4 characteristics
which are
1.) fit (fit the data)
2.) understanding (Theory should be clearly stated & understandable)
3.) Generality (scope & conceptual level not be too specific)
4.) Control (Some control should be present over phenomenon in theory)
Data Collection
starts
at the moment of initial contact
continues throughout the development
collection & analysis are concurrent & continual
3 stages of data analysis
are
1.) Open coding
2.) Axial coding
3.) Selective coding
Reports
include
1.) Major research question/topic
2.) Participants & why they were selected
3.) Methods of data collection
4.) Results
5.) Final grounded theory is discussed