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Microstructure of vocal fold and physiology of phonation (phonation (1…
Microstructure of vocal fold and physiology of phonation
phonation
1.vocal attack
2.sustain phonation
3.abduction
Larynx
Laryngeal valve
serve as a sphincter
epiglottis
ventricular folds
true vocal folds
function
nonspeech function
cough/throat clearing
protection of aspiration
respiration
speech function
vocal folds sound
vibration of air particles
Vocal folds
movement
可控制的
水平角度
用喉鏡、肉眼就可以看到
vibration
物理作用
垂直角度
用stroboscopy看
extracellular matrix (ECM)
Composed of
fibrous protein (elastin, collagen)
interstitial proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
Interstitial proteins
proteoglycans and glycoproteins, filled the space between fibrous protein to control tissue viscosity, layer thickness and internal fluid content
Fibronectin is found in injured vocal folds- such as nodules,
polyps, edema, and scar
聲帶振動
影響振動的
物理因素
Stiffness 鋼度
Inertia 慣性
Elasticity 彈性
Mass 質量
Vocal folds structure
lamina propria
vocal ligament
3rd 層
intermediate
lamina propria
多
elastin fibers
玻尿酸
4th 層
deeper lamina propria 固有層
硬度大
可吸收振動的衝擊力
玻尿酸
緻密
collagen fibers
新生兒沒有，到1-4歲才發育出來
2nd 層
Superficial lamina propria
=
Reinke's space
最多
玻尿酸
外層：elastin fibers→能擺動最大
flexible excursion
隨年紀增長(老人因此固定VF的能力相對下降)
疏鬆柔軟
&回復性高
用作發聲
內層：collagen fiber→能擺動最小
layer cushioning and stability
others：
fibroblast 纖維母細胞,
myofibroblast 肌纖維母細胞,
macrophages 巨噬細胞
1st 層
Squamous epithelium
非角質
最薄 6-8 cell layers
有漿液→保濕
有纖毛→一致性運動，掃廢物至喉吞下或咳出
basement membrane
基底膜
膠原蛋白→VF可以移動但不會走位&修補epithelium
5th 層
vocalis muscles