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Vascular Plants Without Seeds (The Megaphyll Line Of Evolution:…
Vascular Plants Without Seeds
Early Vascular Plants
Rhyniophytes
equal dichotomous branching
both branches
equal size and vigor
protostele
solid mass of xylem
endarch protostele
metaxylem center of xylem
protoxylem on edges
siphonostele
pith is present
Zosterophyllophytes
vascular plants
small herbs
without secondary growth
lateral sporangia
sporangia opened transversely
branched dichotomously
small amount xylem
consisted of tracheids
enations
outgrowths
small to long
thin scales
increase photosynthetic surface
The Microphyll Line of Evolution: Lycophytes
Morphology
Heterospory
cones or strobili
Extant Genera
The Term "Vascular Cryptograms"
vascular tissue
lack seeds
reproduction is hidden
lack flowers,fruit
The Megaphyll Line Of Evolution: Euphyllphytes
Trimerophytes
overtoping
unequal branching
one stem more vigorous
pseudomonopodial branching
single main trunk
Origin of Megaphylls(euphylls)
leaves evolved
from branch
present in seed plants
ferns,equisetophytes
teleome theory
megaphyll evolution
sporophyll
Sporangium-bearing
leaf-like structure
euphyllophytes
monophyletic clade
Monilophyte
ferns
megaphyllous plants
united by
their roots
megaphylls
30-kilobase inversion
Equisetophytes
horsetails/scouring rushes
living plants are herbs
no secondary growth
usually 1m tall
jointed structure
fused leaves
small leaves
single trace vascular tissue
megaphylls
Ferns
Concepts
monobiontic
one multicellular generation
interpolation hypothesis
small sporophyte
zygote germinated mitotically
instead of meiotically
transformation theory
after dibiontic life cycle
gametophyte and sporophyte
became larger
more complex
and vascularized
