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Network Topologies, Protocols & Layers ((IP Addresses (The first…

- - - - Most are usually connected to the node that they exchange most data with.
      - Some devices are connected directly to each other.
    - - Advantages
        
        Adding more network devices actually improve network transmission speed.
        
        Can be sent from different devices at the same time.
        
        Better handling of large volumes of data
        
        If one device fails alternative route exist
      - Disadvantages
        
        Very expensive
        
        Very difficult to manage
  - - - Usually the topology of choice in schools and offices because they tend to be more reliable.
      - Each device is connected by an individual cable directly to the server.
    - - Disadvantages
        
        Entire Network goes down if central switch or server fails
        
        Expensive - lots of long cable runs
      - Advantages
        
        Adding/removing clients is easy and will not affect the rest of the network.
        
        One cable fails most of the network will function normally.
        
        Data can take the most direct route
- - - - Application Protocols:
        
        HTTPS - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
        
        FTP - File Transfer Protocol
        
        HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
        
        POP - Post Office Protocol
        
        IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol
        
        SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  - - - e.g. B9-C3-3A-FC-D3-CC
- - - - Divides the data into packets and sends them to the internet layer. Also checks they arrived.
    - - Adds the source and destination IP addresses and routes the packets.
    - - Contains all the applications that may wish to exchange data or files. Each application may use its own protocol (http, ftp, pop etc.) but regardless the application layers job is to send this data to the transport layer.
    - - Specifies how the packet should be sent, e.g. ethernet or wifi.