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1A: Human nature and the Human Condition [COMPLETED} (Soul (The spiritual…
1A: Human nature and the Human Condition [COMPLETED}
Imortality
The idea that the soul lives on after the death of the body
Physicalism
(The belief that) the real world is nothing more than the physical world
Soul
The spiritual or non-material part of a person
And with that he breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit. John 20:22
Ecclesiastes 12:7: The dust returns to the earth just as it happened to be and the spirit itself returns to the true God who gave it.
Jesus says, 'you should not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell.' - Matthew 10:28
human nature
Augustine
human beings have two parts, a body and a soul.
Both of these are necessary for us to be human and both are created by God.
The soul is the rational and moral part whereas the body is more driven by instinct and physical drives.
Augustine said that the soul should therefore guide the body (because it is rational so can make reasoned decisions).
He used the analogy of a rider and a horse. The soul is like the rider steering the animal and the horse is like the body providing the impulses and carrying the soul.
Augustine said that since the Fall the body had become rebellious and often refused to obey the rational soul.
He called this rebellion CONCUPISCENCE
Aquinas
In many respects Aquinas' view was similar to Augustine's.
However, he puts a slightly more positive slant on human nature.
He believed that because everyone is created in God's image all people are essentially good.
He believed that people never sin deliberately.
He thought that the Fall damaged people's ability to use their reason correctly.
This meant that when people are deciding how to behave they sometimes think something is the right course of action when it is not. They mistake an apparent good for a real good.