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SEED PLANTS 23 ANGIOSPERMS (EUDICOTS monovseudicot (stamens (well-defined…
SEED PLANTS 23 ANGIOSPERMS
CHARACTERS
"FLOWERING PLANT"
greatest number of living species
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
mutual beneficial animal relationships
complex wood
contains vessels
axial wood parenchyma
living wood
protects from insects/fungi
pulls water upward
first were shrubs or small trees
CHANGES
GYMNOSPERMS
ANGIOSPERMS
gymnospermous sporophytes
stamens
carpels
formation of flowers
crowded sporophyte primordia
grow shut
"closed carpel"
develops into fruit
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2nd sperm cell of pollen tube
fuse w/ megagametophyte polar nuclei
endosperm nucleus
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leaf-like
vessel elements
sieve tubes
became polymorphic
broader
fusion
sympetaly
zygomorphy
pistil
survive mutations
ability to produce bisexual flowers
MONOCOTS
Features/Examples
parallel venation
Alismatales
aquatic herbs
remain free
don't form tube
Liliales
tulip
lily
perianth
3 outer/inner members
tepals
Asparagales
onion
garlic
spider lily
gynoecia
several carpels
Arecales
coconut palms
lack wood + 2ndary growth
Poales
wheat
oats
corn
Dioscoreales
yams
Zingiberales
Maranta
banana plant
EUDICOTS
whorl arranged flowers
stamens
well-defined stalk
pollen grains
tricolpate
3 germination pores
EVOLUTION
BASAL EUDICOTS
ROSIDS
ASTERIDS
few stamens
stamens alternate w/ petals
sympetalous flowers
sunflowers
petunia
periwinkle
Vitales
grapes
Gerniales
geranium
large trees
reduced wind-pollinated flowers
BASAL ANGIOSPERM CLADES
DESCENDANTS
Nymphaeaceae
water lilies
Austrobaileyales
Amborellaceae
flat stamens
w/o distinct filament
anther portions
spiral arrangement
microspore
prominent internal masses
