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Protein Synthesis and Mutation (Protein Synthesis :red_flag: (DNA-RNA…
Protein Synthesis and Mutation
Protein Synthesis
:red_flag:
DNA-RNA-Protein
Translation:
- happens on a ribosome and produces a protein
Transcription:
-happens in the nucleus, uses DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule- Rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to the cytoplasm
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Deals with the detailed residue-by-residue transfer of sequence info( :star: DNA makes RNA make protein)
describes the fundamental process that makes us different
we all have the same genes and proteins but :star: different alleles of genes and our proteins are different in how they work (protein collagen found in bones)
Alleles:
make us unique- particle version of genetic instruction- small difference in DNA sequence of different alleles that is translated into small differences in the mRNA molecule- mRNA are translated into proteins- small difference in order of amino acids make us different
Gene: section of DNA containing info for a specific trait
Transfer of Sequence Information
Linear Polymers:
comprise DNA,RNA, and amino acids
each monomer(nucleotide/amino acids) is connected to 2 monomers- sequence of monomers encodes genetic information
polymers(DNA/RNA) sequence used as template for the construction of another polymer with a sequence dependent on the og polymer's sequence
DNA sequence used to encode RNA and the RNA encode protein
3 Biopolymers
Three special transfers
Three unknown transfers
Three general transfers
all three general transfers occur normally in cells, describe the normal flow of biological information, and are known to occur under special conditions(three unkown are not believed to occur)