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Classification and Systematics (The Taxonomic catergories (IMG_4536),…
Classification and Systematics
Plant
systematics
is understanding each evolutionary line
Natural system of classification
closely related organisms are classified together
Species
are closely related by descent from a common ancestor
Several species that are closely related are placed together in the same
Genus
The Taxonomic catergories
Monophyletic
all descendants of a common ancestor are in the same genus
Each taxonomic catergory is monophyletic
Polyphyletic
evolved from different ancestors and may resemble each other due to convergent evolution
This is not natural
In classification and nomenclature each species is given a single unique name
There are natural classification systems happening presently-phylogeny of all species
Artificial classification systems are now used to only identify plants or to categorize useful features
Genera are grouped into
Families
Families are grouped into
Orders
Orders are grouped into
Classes
Classes are grouped into
Divisions
Divisions are grouped into
Kingdoms
Synapomorphies have evolved from the same ancestral character
Used as phylogeny guides and the construction of natural classification system
Homoplasies look alike but are independent
A part of convergent evolution and are often misclassified because they appear to synapomorphies
All organisms are classified as Bacteria, Archea or Eukarya
