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classification and systematics (level of taxonomic categories (kingdom…
classification and systematics
concept
grouping information or objects based on similarities
level of taxonomic categories
species
genera(genus)
same species
monophyletic
from the tribe
polyphyletic group
many tribes
family
group of genera share many characterstics
order
group of similar orders
class
group of similar orders
division
kingdom
Monera
Fungi
Protista
species epithet
taxon
level of organization
cladistics
synapomorphies (homologous features)
understanding cladograms
cladogram
evolutionary patterns
node
divergent of taxons
common ancstor
clade
apomorphy
ancestral condition
most recent common ancestor
paraphyletic group
uninformative
symplesiomorphy
parsimony
equally parsimonious
unsolved polychotomy
cladograms and taxnomic categories
basal angiosperms
eudicots
homoplasies (analogous features)
phylogenetic categories
evolutionary history
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukaryota
Molecular clock
uses constant rates of evolution
genes
orthologous
share common ancestor
paralogous
genes became duplicated
Individual genes vary in clockwise
Horizontal gene transfer
interchanges of genes in different domains
best hypothesis for phylogenic trees
morphological
molecular
fossil
phylogenetic bracketing
predict the feature of ancestor from its descendants
similariy in RNA and DNA
DNA helps to determine the evidence of common ancestry
passes information
DNA shows hoe spwcies changed
