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The Early Modern Age: Humanism and Renaissance (Social Changes (Privileged…
The Early Modern Age: Humanism and Renaissance
Began
1453
Fall of Constantinopla
Finished
1789
French Revolution
Humanism
Cultural movement
Revival of classical culture
Anthropocentrism
Optimism and creativity
Knowledge and critical thinking
Economic transformations
Agriculture
Increased the production
Technological advances :red_cross:
Three-field :check:
Main sources of economic activity
Agriculture
Livestock farming
Trade
Agricultural production
Excess of production
Sold in city markets
Traders and merchants
Search new markets
Established trade routes
Land
Sea
Craftsmanship
Products made in
Workshops
Controlled by guilds
Products made in
People houses
Domestic system
Merchats provided
Families that have
Raw materials
Tools
Voyages of explorations
Brought precious
Metals
Foods
Spices
Economy
Bankers
Change money
looking after the money
Providing loans
Merchants needed
Traders have money
Bankers became rich
Monarchs need money too
Creating new forms of payment
Bill of exchange
Bankers guaranteed
Money to
Merchants
Authorised people
Specific
Quantity of money
place
date
Social Changes
Privileged class
Nobility and clergy
Minority
Owned most of land
the persons who have privileges
:red_cross:taxes
Judges by special tribunals
Unprivileged class
Commoners
Paid taxes
Peasants
Serf the nobles or feudal lords
Bourgeoisie
:red_cross:ruled by a feudal lord
Increased the :silhouettes:
Wealthier
Gained more political influence
Upper bourgeoisie
Merchants, bankers officials
Richly decorated palaces
With the noble
Form
Powerfull and influential group
Petite bourgeoisie
merchants
, less important officials
All types of artists
Artisans
Labourers
Largest group in city
Humble houses
Several floors
Upper bourgeoisie married with nobles
Bourgeoisie demand the privileges
Monarch support
Nobility
Bourgeoisie
Don't have the same level
Depending their interest
Modern State
Increased in
Agriculture
Artisanal and commercial production
monarch
more resources
more powerfull
consolidate their authority
control the power of nobles
administer the resources
mainteined strong position
Formed armies of mercenaries
strenghtened bureaucracy
New institucions
Created courts or permanent seat
many cases was the capital
Weak feudal monarchy
Became a powerful authoritarian monarchy
The nobles had obey
Spain monarchy
The union of
Castilla kingdom
Aragon kingdom
Portugal kingdom
pionners in search of new trade routes
English kingdom
Russian kingdom
French kingdom
Cultural changes
Significant developments
Thinking
Science
Spread rapdly
due to an
extremely important invention
Printing press
Humanism
Renewed interest
Anthropocentrism
Humans beins
center of
Philosophical reflections
artistic creations
Were Christians
Abandoned the theocentrism
Desire of knowledge
Critical thinking
reason, research and experimentation
Used of vernacular languages
Scientific advances
Heliocentric Hypothesis
Ideas spread rapidly
Priting press
Gutenberg
Cultural institucions
Europe
Western Europe
Spanish monarchy
Marriage of
Isabel I of Castilla
Fernando II of Aragon
Portugal
Independent
French monarchy
gained power
Hundred Years' War
English monarchy
consolidates
Tudor Dynasty
came to power
Henry III
Confronted to the Pope
Elizabeth I defeated
Fernando II
maintaining kingdoms independence
The small states
Holy Roman Empire
Multitude
Kingdoms
Indepent territories
Center of Europe
The emperors
:red_cross:unify
Italy
Divided
Small principalities
Republics
Venice
Naples
Florence
Papal States(governate by the Pope)
Fought to control the region
Spanish king
French king
Eastern europe
Ottowan Empire
Expand during the 16th
Mehmed II the Conqueror
Took the control of
Constantinople
Part of the Balkan Peninsula
Russian Empire
Expand his territories
Conquest of
Ivan III the Great
15th
Ivan IV the Terrible
16th
Monarch called
Emperors
tsar